LANE. 747 LANE-POOLE. Congress. In 1855 lie removed to Kansas, and there became conspicuous as a leader of the Free-State Party. He was president of the To- peka Constitutional Convention in the fall of this year, was second in command on the Free- State side during the so-called VVaUarusa War, and in 185() was cho.sen Unite<l States Senator bv the Legishiture which had met under the Topeku Constitution. This election, liowever, was not recognized by Congress, and Lane remained in Kansas, where in 1859 he acted as president of the Leavenworth Constitutional Convention. In 18G1, Kansas having at last been admitted to the Union, Lane was elected to the United Slates Sen- ate; but the Civil War having broken out, he soon volunteered for active service in the field, and, after commanding for a time the frontier guards about Washington, was appointed brigadier- general of volunteers in December, 1801, though his commission was canceled in the following March. He projected several visionary military expeditions, such as the 'Great Southern Expe- dition' from Kansas in 18(11-02: he became 'comman<ler for re<'ruiting in the Department of Kansas' in .July, 1802; and in this capacity endeavored to usurp the functions of Governor Robinson, and later of (iovernor Carney. In 1804. during (leneral Price's raid, he was an aide to General Curtis. He was reelected to the United States Senate in 1805. but in 1860 was attacked with paralysis, and during a temporary aberration of mind committed suicide. LANE, .Jo.NATUAN Homer (1819-80). An American physicist, born at Geneseo. Livingston County, N. Y.. and educated at Phillips Exeter and at Yale College. After three years in the Patent Ollice he was promoted to principal ex- aminer (1S51). but in 1857 was removed for po- litical reasons. In 1869 he was appointed veri- fier of standards in the ofTice of weights and measures at Washington. In 1870 he published a valuable paper entitled The Tliearctictil Tem- perature of the Sun. Lane patented an optical telegraph or semaphore, and an improved mer- ciirj' horizon, and attempted experiments to se- cure low temperatures and to determine the absolute zero. LANE, .losKiMi (1801-81). An American pioneer and siddicr. born in Huneombe County, N. C. He removed to Ki'iitucky in 1814. and two years later crossed the Ohio into Warrick County. Ind. lie was elected to the Legislature in 1822 while still under age, and was conse- quently obliged to wait some time before he could take his seat. From that time until the outbreak of the Mexican War he w-as a member of one branch or the other of the Indiana Legislature, but in I84(i he resigned from the State Senate to enlist as a private. Soon afterwards he was elected colonel of the Second Indiana Volunteers, and in 1840 was commissioned brigadier ^jeneral. He was wounded at the battle of I'>uena Vi.sta. and at lliiamantla defeated General Santa . na. for which service he received the brevet rank of major-general in the Regular Army. He was very successful against the guerrilla bands which in- fested the country, and became known as the Marion of the Mexican War. At the close of the war President Polk appointed him Governor of Oregon 'rerritorv. and when President Taylor removed him two years later (18.50), the people elected him delegate to Congress, an ofiice which he held until Oregon's admission to the Union Vol. XI.— 48. in 1859, when he wa.s chosen United States .Sena- tor. During President Pierce's administration he commanded the troops sent to suppress an uprising of the Indians. In 1852 the Indiana Democratic State Convention advocated his nomi- nation for the Presidency, and in 1860 he ran f(jr Vice-President on the ticket with .Tohn C. Breckenridge. Upon his defeat he retired from jjublic life to his ranch in Oregon, where he lived in comparative poverty until his death. LANE, Sir Ralph (c.I530-1003). The first Governor of Virginia. He was born in North- am|<tonsliiie. England, and is said to haie taken part at an early age in the buccaneering expedi- tions in which English ships were employed at that time. In 1583-85 he was employed in the Government's service in Ireland. He joined Sir Richard Grenville's expedition to America in 1585, and after its arrival established a colony on Roanoke Island, and became Governor. Tlie colony was not successful, owing to disadvan- tageous location, the hostility of the Indians, and the lack of food. When Sir Francis Drake arrived with his tleet in .hine. 1586, the colonists were glad to return to England. Upon his re- turn Lane was appointed to carry out certain plans for defending the coast, took part in Drake's expedition in 1589 against Portugal, and in 1591 helped to put down an Irish rebellion, for which he was knighted two years later. He remained in Ireland until his death. LANE, Richard .TAME.S (1800-72). An Eng- lish engraver and lithograjjlicr. born at Berkeley Castle in Hereford. He was an older brother of Edward William Lane, the Arabic scholar. Early apprenticed to Heath, the engraver, he was elected a member of the Academy in 1827, on the merit of an engraving after Lawrence. About this time he turned his attention to the newer art of Iithograi)hy, and the delicacy of his work in this field has rarely been excelled, In 1837 he was appointed lithogra|)her to the Queen. Afterwards (1804) he became teacher of etching at South Kensington, llis works, which num- ber more than a thousand, include the lithograph '"Sketches from Gainsborough" (who was his great-uncle), and a series after Lawrence, and among his excellent sketches in chalk or pencil are several portraits of the Queen. LANE-POOLE, Stanley (1854—). An Eng- lish author and arclncologist. He was born in London. December 18, 1854. and was educated at Oxford. He studied numismatics, and from 1874 to 1892 was connected with the coin department of the British Museum. During this time he prepared a Catnlnriue of the Oriental and Indian Coins in the museum (14 vols., 1875-92). He was also sent on several important a>'ch:pological missions to Egypt, Russia, and Australia. In 1895-97 he was employed by the Egyjitian Gov- ernment in research at Cairo. In 1898 he was appointed professor of .rabic at Trinity College, Diil)lin. .mong his many works are biographies of his great-uncle. Edward M'iUiam Lane (1877), itir a. /•'. Bowen (1889), Axtranazib (1802). Saladin (1898). and Bahar (1899) ; and numer- ous histories, as The Moors in t^pain (18871; Kpeeehes and Table-Talk of Mohammed (1882) ; '/7ic Mohammedan /)i/H<isn'e.« (18931: and tiara- eenir Effi/pt (1900). He also completed Lane's Ariibie [.exieon (1870-93). and edited the A'oran (1879) and many other miscellaneous works.
