LANGE. 752 LANGENBECK. fiialik (1849-52); Griindriss der iheologischoi livrmeneutik (1877); Grundriss dcr liibdkunde Encyclopiidie (1877); Grundriss der biblischen (1881). He is best known as one of the editors of the Theoloyisch-ho7iiiletisches Bibehcerk (1857 sqq. ), published in English translation, edited and augmented by Philip SchalT. under the title A Commentary on the Holy ticripturc». Critical, Doctrinnl, and Homiletical (25 vols., New York, 1805-80). LANGE, LiDWiG (1825-85). A German phi- lologist and archa'ologist, born in Hanover. He studied at Giittingen under Hermann, in 1853 was made professor at Prague, in 1859 went to Giessen, and in 1871 to Leipzig. His principal work was Handhiich der romischen AUertumer (3d ed. 1870-70): and he also wrote Der homerische Gcbruuch der Partikel el (1872- 73) and Die Epheten und der Areopag vor Holon (1874). His lesser writings were posthumously colleeted and edited, with a biographical sketch by K. Lange, under the title Klcinc Hchriften aus dem (lebiet der klassischen AltertumsiinSiSenschaft (1887). Consult Neumann, /yMrfiri</ L(n!(7e (Ber- lin, 1880). LANGE, Samuel Gotthold (1711-81). A German poet. He was born at Halle, the son of the pietist Joachim Lange (1070-1744), who was famed as the author of the Halle Grammars. The son studied theology at Halle, and there be- came acquainted with Pyra, with whom he wrote Thyrsis' vnd Damons freundseJiafthehe Lieder (1745). attacked Gottsched, whom they had both ardently followed before, and 0])posed the use of rhyme in poetry. His strongest claim to fame is the feeble version of Horace's Odes (1752), which Lessing criticised and. when roused by Lange's fling that the critic's works because of their small format were only 'Vademecums,' overpowered with the brilliancy of his Vadc Vecum fiir Lanye (1754). LANGE, Thomas (1820-87). A Danish nov- elist, born at Copenhagen. He studied theology, but was not ordained, and afterwards devoted himself to literature. His first writings were published anonymously, and attracted little at- tention. It was not until Erentyets Land (1803) appeared that he was fitly appreciated. Later works gave him a place not much inferior to that of Goldschmidt in Danish literature. His works include: Aaen og Haret (1870): Roman- tiske fikildrinyer (Romantic Descriptions. 1872), his masterpiece: De lyse T^^cetter (1875): Et Symposion (1877) : and Nyf Liv (1879). LANGE, TiioR N.EVE (1851 — ). A Danish author, born in Copenhagen. About 1877 he went to Moscow as Danish consul. His works include admirable translations from Greek. Old French, and Russian, and he made a good transla- tion of Longfellow's "Golden Legend" (3d ed. 1891). He also compiled Skildringer fra den rtissiske Literatur (1886). His original volumes include: En moaned i Orienten ; Flygtize fikizzer (1887): Skitser og Phantaseir (1890): and a collection of his poems, Oennem farret Glas (1894). LANGEBEK, ttng'e-bSk, .Takob (1710-75). A Danish historian, born at Skjoldborg. He first studied Danish history, and it was by critical articles on contemporary writers in this field that he attracted attention. He founded a society for the study of the language and history of Den- mark in 1845, and was its perpetual archivist. His works consist of valuable contributions on his favorite subject to the journals, and to the Danske Magazin ( 1845-52 1. which he edited and nearly all of which he wrote himself; and Scriptoies Rertini Duniearum Medii (Evi . . . (1772-74), which was completed by Suhm, Schoeniug, and others from original papers, in 1S7S. He also collected material for a Danish dictionary. A collection of his letters was publishe<i in 1895. LANGELAND, liing'c-land. A Danish island situated at the southern entrance to the Great Belt, between Fiinen and Laaland (Map: Den- mark, D 4). It is 33 miles in length and al)Out 5 miles in breadth. Area, about 100 square miles. It is hilly and well wooded, and the soil is fertile. Grain, i)eas, butter, and cheese are largely pro- duced. RudkjJibing. on the west coast, is the only town. Population, in 1001, 18,901. LANGELIEB, liiNzh'lya', Francois Ciiari.es Stanislas (1838 — ). A Canadian professor and statesman. He wa.s born at Sainte Rosalie, (Quebec, was educated at Saint Hyacinthe College and at Laval I'niversity, and was admitted to the bar of Lower Canada in 1861. Afterwards he was appointed professor of Roman law, of civil law, and of political economy at Laval University. From 1882 to 1890 he was Mayor of Quebec, and he served also as a Commissioner of Crown Lands and Treasurer of the Province of t)uebec. In 1887 he was elected to the Dominion Parliament. LANGENBECK, liing'cn-bek. Bernhard Rr- DOLPII VOX (1810-871. A German surgeon, nephew and pupil of Konrad .Icihann Martin Langenhcck. horn at Pardingbiittel. He stidied at Giittingen. then visited France and England, and, after teaching for some time at Giittingen, was called in 1842 to the chair of surgery in the University of Kiel. In 1847 he succeeded Dief- fenbaeh at the Berlin Clinical Institute of Sur- gery. He soon acquired a world-wide reputation, first through skill and success in operations for harelip: then in plastic surgery of the nose, eye- lid, and lip: and finally by his noted methoils of resection (q.v.). in which the diseased or injured part inily of a bone is removed, instead of ampu- tation of the entire limb. For services in the war with Denmark, a grant of nobility was accorded him: and he received in 1800 the highest medical rank the Prussian army affords. Langenbeck was in active medical militarj- service during the German campaigns of 1866 and 1870-71. Be- ginning with 1800, Langenbeck edited, with Bill- roth and Gurlt, the Archir fiir klinisehe Chinir- gie, and he published, besides numerous papers on surgical topics. Clururyisrhe Beobachtungen aus dem Kriege (Berlin, 1874). LANGENBECK, Konrad .Iohann Martin (1770-1851). A German surgeon, born at Home- burg and educated at -Jena, Vienna, and Wiirz- hurg. He received his degree at Giittingen ( 1802) and afterwards was appointed a professor there. He was famed for his swift and unerring use of the knife and for his success as a teacher. He edited the Bibliothek fiir Chirurgie und Ophthnl- mohigie (1806-28). the organ of the surgical and optical clinic, which he founded in 1807: and wrote widely on general and special surgery. — His son. M.vxi.Mii.iAX Adolf Lanoexbeck (1818- 77), was also famed as surgeon and oculist. He was born at Giittingen: studied there, at Paris, Vienna, and Berlin; and from 1846 to 1848 was
