PINEAPPLE. 36 riety of soils. In Florida the best pineapples are {,'rown on a tine sandy soil, analyzing 'J4 to !l!t jx'r cent, siliea, and on sneh soils heavy fer- tilizing is neeessary. Pineapples rarely produce seed. They are propagated commercially by set- ting out the crown at the top of the fruit, slips from the base of the fruit, suckers from near the base of the stalk, and rattoons from the roots. (Suckers are most commonly planted, since these usually produce a crop of fruit in from 14 to 18 months. (_ lowns or slips require a year longer to come into bearing. The plants are set in rows about 3 feet apart and 18 to 30 inches distant in the row. Once established a ])ineapple planta- tion will endure 8 to 10 years without resetting, suckers rejilaeing the (iM plants, l^ittle cultiva- tiiin other than the scullle hoe is required. With- in recent years pineapples have been grown ex- tensively in Florida under sheds. These sheds are built of lath spaced 2 or 3 inches apart and nailed to a light framework 6 to 7 feet high. They protect the jilants from frost and excessive heat and greatly inijirove the quality of the fruit. The cost of putting them up proliibits tlieir use except for the finest varieties. Jor an account of the grceidiouse cultivation of pine- apples, consult ; Thompson, (lanlcncrs' Assinttint (new ed., Watson, vol. v.. London. 1!)02). For outdoor methods and growing under sheds, con- sult : Rolfs, Pineapple (Iroirinfi (I'nited States Department of Agriculture, Farmers' Bulletin 140. lltOl): id.. Pineapple Fertilizers (Florida Agricultural Ex])ort Station. Bulletin .50). PINEAPPLE FAMILY. A natural order of plants. Sec l!l!Oill;LI,CE.E. PINE BLUFF. A city and the county-seat of Jefferson ('ouiity. Ark.. 42 miles soutliby east of Little Kock. on the .Arkansas Kiver, and at the junction of the Saint Louis Southwestern and the Saint Louis. Iron Motnitain and Southern railroads (Map: Arkansas, D 3). It is the seat of the State Colored Normal College. Among other fine edifices are Merrill Institute with a gAiiuiasiuni, free library, etc., the opera house, the court house, and fraternal society buildings. The State Fair .Association holds annual fairs here. The centre of a fertile agricultural sec- tion largely interested in cotton-growing. Pine Bluff is an important connnereial and manufac- turing city. It carries on an extensive cotton and lumber trade, and has large wholesale in- terests. Its industrial plants include railroad shops of the Saint Louis Southwestern, cotton compresses, cottonseed oil and meal mills, boiler and sheet iron works, a foundry, large printing eslablisliinent-*. feed mills, large lumber and stave mills, a furniture faetorv, etc. Population, in ISnO. nn.r>: in l!)nO. 11,496. PINE FINCH, Linnet, or Sisktx. A small North .XmericMu liiu-h (Spinus pinus) closely re- lal^i'd to the goldfhich. The upper parts are variegated black and buff: the under parts white, tinged with buff and licavih streaked vviiii black. It is founrl throughout North America, wintering as far south as the Culf and breeding mostly north of the I'nited States, but is erratic in its movements, being abundant some winters and then not seen again for several years. The nest is built in cortifernus trees, of twigs and rootlets, and is lined with down and hairs. The eggs are usually four in number, bluish white, PINE INSECTS. thinly spotted with reddish brown. Tlie pine liuch feeds on seeds and buds, and rescnil>les the goldfinch in habits, but is less sprightly and its notes are less musical. In Fngland the pine grosbeak is often calked pine finch. See Gros- beak. PINE GROSBEAK. A large linch (Pinicola eniieh beetles migrate in swarms from the dying trees and settle on the living ones, which they attack and infest in large numbers from near the base to the upper part of the main trunk or stem. Remedial work is largely a part of forest management, .and includes a careful consideration of the proper date for cutting. The wood-engraver bark-beetle {Xyleborvs cw- lotiiK) is the most common and most pernicious of the insects afrectiug the forests of hite pine in the State of New York, and of the yellow pine in the more southern States. Xi/leborus pubes- cen.i feeds mainly under the bark of Pinus ittops, and the coarse-writing bark-beetle (Tomieus calli- grnphtis) works in the pitch pine and to a lesser
