SCHEME OF CONTENTS
xiii
PAGE § 5. The Ural-Altaic languages................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................156 § 6. The Chinese languages................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................157 § 7. Other language groups................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................157 § 8. Submerged and lost languages................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................161 § 9. How languages may be related................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................163 BOOK III THE DAWN OF HISTORY - Chapter XV. The Aryan-Speaking Peoples in Prehistoric Times
§ 1. The spreading of the Aryan-speakers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................167 § 2. Primitive Aryan life................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................169 § 3. Early Aryan daily life................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................176 - Chapter XVI. The First Civilizations
§ 1. Early cities and early nomads................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................183 § 2a. The riddle of the Sumerians................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................188 § 2b. The empire of Sargon the First................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................191 § 2c. The empire of Hammurabi................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................191 § 2d. The Assyrians and their empire................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................192 § 2e. The Chaldean empire................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................194 § 3. The early history of Egypt................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................195 § 4. The early civilization of India................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................201 § 5. The early history of China................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................201 § 6. While the civilizations were growing................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................206 - Chapter XVII. Sea Peoples and Trading Peoples
§ 1. The earliest ships and sailors................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................209 § 2. The Ægean cities before history................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................213 § 3. The first voyages of exploration................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................217 § 4. Early traders................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................218 § 5. Early travellers................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................220 - Chapter XVIII. Writing
§ 1. Picture writing................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................223 § 2. Syllable writing................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................227 § 3. Alphabet writing................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................228 § 4. The place of writing in human life................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................229 - Chapter XIX. Gods and Stars, Priests and Kings
§ 1. Nomadic and settled religion................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................232 § 2. The priest comes into history................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................234 § 3. Priests and the stars................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................238 § 4. Priests and the dawn of learning................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................240 § 5. King against priests................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................241
