Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 150; Eng. Bot. 1845; Hook. Fl. Scot. 273; Berwick Flora, 207; Q. Robur, With. ii. 515.
In woods and hedges, frequent.
371. FAGUS.
1. F. Castanea. Chesnut-tree.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 151; Eng. Bot. 886; With. ii. 583; Castanea vulgaris, Hook. Br. Fl. 408.
In plantations.
Not a native of the north of England.
2. F. sylvatica. Beech-tree.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 152; Eng. Bot. 1847; Hook. Fl. Scot. 274; Berwick Flora, 207.
In woods and hedges, common.
372. BETULA.
1. B. alba. Common Birch.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 153; Eng. Bot. 2198; Hook. Fl. Scot. 274; Berwick Flora, 208.
β B. pendula, Lindley's Syn. 229.
In mountainous woods and by lakes, frequent. Roth and Lindley consider Betula pendula a distinct species from B. alba, owing to its weeping branches; and, when young, its bark being smooth and warted.
373. CARPINUS.
1. C. Betulus. Horn-beam.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 155; Eng. Bot. 2032; Hook. Fl. Scot. 274.
In plantations.
Not originally a native of the north of England.
374. CORYLUS.
1. C. Avellana, Hazel-nut-tree.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 157; Eng. Bot. 723; Hook. Fl. Scot. 275; Lond. t. 17; Berwick Flora, 208.
In woods, hedges, and denes, common.
MONOECIA MONADELPHIA.
375. PINUS.
1. P. sylvestris Scotch Fir.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 158; Eng. Bot. 2460; Lightfoot, 587; Woodv. t. 207; With. iii. 811.
Only in planted woods at present, though the roots and trunks of the Fir abound in all the bogs on our highest moors.
DIOECIA DIANDRIA.
376. SALIX.
1. S. triandra. Long-leaved Triandrous Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 166; Eng. Bot. 1435; With. ii. 65; Hook. Fl. Scot. 278.
In hedges near Chester-le- Street, D. On the banks of the Pont at Ponteland, N.
Rare in the north.
2. S. amygdalina. Broad-leaved Triandrous Willow, Almond-leaved Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 169; Eng. Bot. 1637; With. ii. 66.
In hedges near Birtley, and at Chester-le-Street new bridge, also at Beamish and on the banks of the Derwent, D. In Heaton Wood, and in hedges near Gilsland and Cambo, at Allan Heads, and on
the banks of Little Cow Lough, also near the Roman station at Risingham, N.
3. S. pentandra. Sweet Willow, Bay-leaved Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 171; Eng. Bot. 1805; Hook. Fl. Scot. 279; With. ii. 69; Berwick Flora, 212.
In the Roman Foss between Shewing-shields and Carrow, in hedges near Gilsland and House-steads, in Heaton Wood, on the banks of North Tyne and of Tweed, N. By the Team near Beamish and Pockerley, on the banks of Wear near Chester-le-Street new bridge, and of Tees near Eglestone, also between Norton and Billingham, D. Near West Boldon and Cleadon, D.— Mr. R. Waugh
and Mr. J. Thornhill. Near Berwick, not uncommon. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. S. radicans. Rooting-branched Willow.
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1053; Hook. Fl. Scot. 280; Br. Fl. 428; Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 21; S. phylicifolia, Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1049; Eng. Fl. iv. 173; Eng. Bot. 1958; With.ii. 71.
By ditches communicating with Prestwick Carr, N. On both banks of Derwent above Blanchland, N. and D.
That this is not Salix phylicifolia of the Swedish botanists I am certain, from Lapland specimens communicated by the late Dr. Swartz. The figure in the English Botany is good, and agrees with the plant received from Sir J. Smith.
5. S. bicolor. Shining dark-green Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 178; Eng. Bot. 1806; With. ii. 70; S. lamina, Sm. Linn. Tr. vi. 122.
On the banks of Wear near Lumley Castle, and on Tees from Croft to Middleton, D. On the banks of Derwent, and of Beldon and Nuckton bourns above Blanchland, D. and N. In the hedges north
of Cambo, N. By the Lune at its junction with the Tees.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
6. S. vitellina. Yellow Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 182; Eng. Bot. 1389; Hook. Fl. Scot. 281; With. ii. 72.
On the banks of Team, Tyne, and Wear, D. and N. At Morton Carrs, D. — Mr. Janson.
7. S. decipiens. Deceiving Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 183; Eng. Bot. 1937; With. ii. 68; Berwick Flora, 212.
On the banks of Tyne, Wear, Team, and Derwent, N. and D. By the sides of Grange Bourn near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. S. fragilis. Crack Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 184; Eng. Bot. 1807; Hook. Fl. Scot. 279; With. ii. 73.
In denes and on the banks of rivers, frequent.
9. S. Russelliana. Bedford Willow, Leicestershire or Dishley Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 186; Eng. Bot. 1808; Hook. Fl. Scot. 279; With. ii. 67; Berwick Flora, 212.
On the banks of Wear and Tees, D. Near Haughton and Cockerton, D. — Mr. Janson. Near Cambo and Wallington, also by the Pont and in Heaton Dene, N. By the Tweed, common. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
10. S. Helix. Rose Willow.
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 188 : Eng. Bot. 1343; With. ii. 63; Berwick Flora, 212; S. monandra, Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 71, excluding f. 2.
