| United States Patent Office.
James Harris Rogers and Henry H. Lyon, of Hyattsville, Maryland. Wireless Signaling System. | ||
| No. 1,220,005. | Specification of Letters Patent. | Patented Mar. 20, 1917. |
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Application filed November 10, 1916. Serial No. 130,602. | ||
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that we, James H. Rogers and Henry H. Lyon, citizens of the United States, residing at Hyattsville, in the county 5of Prince Georges and State of Maryland, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wireless Signaling Systems, of which the following is a specification.
Our invention relates to the transmission 10of electrical impulses or oscillations to a distance, primarily for the purpose of conveying intelligence, and it pertains to means for both sending and receiving.
In systems of wireless sending and receiving15 now in general use, one or more conductors or capacities are employed disposed above the surface of earth, which conductors or capacities serve to radiate or receive the impulses in the sending or receiving20 of messages. Such elevated conductors are costly to erect and maintain, as to obtain efficiency and long-distance transmission it is necessary to have them at considerable distance above the surface of the earth. This 25necessitates expensive towers and masts, and moreover both the conductors and the towers or masts are exposed to weather conditions—wind storms, lightning, snow and ice—which often impede or entirely prevent the operative30 use of the system. We are aware that it has been proposed also to employ a conductor elevated above the earth in connection with a buried conductor.
Our invention has for its principal object35 the provision of a system not subject to the above objections; a system in which the communication, both sending and receiving, is clear and effective; in which the communication is selective and the direction of 40transmission may be readily determined; in which multiple transmission may be effected; and in which the sending and receiving of messages to and from stations on land an on water may proceed independent of weather 45conditions.
We have discovered that signals can be sent and received with great facility by the employment of wires buried beneath the surface of the earth but insulated therefrom 50substantially throughout their length and extending in direction substantially parallel to the earth’s surface, so that while the wires are not in direct contact with the earth they are intimately associated therewith.
55The invention consists in the novel features and combinations of circuits and apparatus in the wireless signaling system hereinafter described and claimed, and illustrated in diagram in the accompanying drawings in which—60
Figure 1 is a system in which a single antenna is shown below the surface of the earth, but insulated therefrom by being mounted within a conduit;
Fig. 2 is a similar view showing two 65antennæ extending in opposite directions;
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but with the instruments of a sending station; and
Fig. 4 is a similar view showing in whole lines the antennæ consisting of insulated70 wire buried below the surface of the ground.
Referring to the drawings, signal instruments are indicated at 10, and in Figs. 1 and 2 are those of the receiving stations while in Fig. 3 the instruments of a sending station75 are shown. In Figs. 1 and 2, 11 is a detector of any typed, preferably an audion, 12 a telephone, and 13 and 14 are the usual condensers. Any desired type of instruments and arrangement of connecting circuits may80 be employed.
The surface of the earth is indicated at 15 and the antenna at 16. This latter extends in a direction substantially horizontal, and as shown in the figures is preferably buried85 below the surface of the earth. Referring particularly to Figs. Fig. 1, the antenna is mounted within a conduit or pipe 17, preferably of any suitable non-conducting material such as terra cotta. The mounting within the90 conduit may be of any preferred type, that shown being by mounting the antenna upon a series of lugs or projections 18 extending upwardly from the bottom of the conduit. From the end of the conduit connection is95 made between the antenna and the signal instruments. The antenna is thus intimately associated with the earth throughout its length but is insulated therefrom and, it is believed, a considerable portion of the100 earth’s surface about the antenna thus cooperates with the latter in sending or receiving oscillations.
The coöperation of the antenna with a ground connection or a second antenna is105 desirable for proper transmission or reception of signals, and in Fig. 1 we have therefore shown the other side of the instruments connected to ground plate 19.
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention110 which two antennæ are employed extending in opposite directions, the second an-