tenna 20 being connected in place of the ground plate shown in Fig. 1. This arrangement is more effective than with the use of the ground plate.
115In order to obtain the maximum efficiency it is desirable to have the antennæ disposed in a line at right angles to the wave fronts, and in order that this may be accomplished for the different directions a plurality of 120antennæ are employed extending outwardly in different directions but substantially horizontal and parallel to the surface of the earth, and under the surface as already explained. This arrangement is fully set forth 125in our application Serial No. 130,603, filed November 10, 1916, to which reference is made for complete details. It is therefore thought unnecessary to illustrate or describe such arrangements in the present application.130
Fig. 3 shows the same arrangement as Fig. 2, but with sending instruments instead of receiving instruments. These latter comprise a generator 21, transformer 22, spark 135gap 23 and condenser 24. Any other sending arrangement and instruments may be employed instead of those shown.
Referring now more particularly to Fig. 4 in place of the conduit or pipe, an ordinary140 insulating envelop for the antenna is shown at 25, and for this purpose the antenna may be an ordinary insulated wire of the proper size and length. It may be buried beneath the surface of the earth, as already 145explained.
The invention is also applicable to the surface of the earth where there is water. For instance, on the sea coast the antennæ may be run out from the shore into the 150water, and although insulated from the latter it is so closely associated therewith that there is a coöperation between the antenna and the surrounding water in the sending and receiving of oscillations. The insulated 155antenna may also be employed for sending and receiving signals to and from vessels in the manner fully set forth in out above mentioned application, it being believed unnecessary to fully describe these arrangements 160here.
In accordance with the patent statutes we have described what we now believe to be the best embodiment of the invention, but we do not wish to be understood thereby as 165limiting ourselves or the scope of the invention, as many changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and all such we aim to include in the scope of the appended claims.170
For instance throughout the several figures, the signal instruments are shown associated with the antenna or antennæ by indirect coupling, but may be associated therewith in any other manner desired.175
It will be seen also that while the signal instruments are shown diagrammatically above the earth, they will in practice often be actually located in a pit below the ground level or entirely underground between the180 antennæ, as shown in Fig. 4. When the antennæ are entirely underground, the effects of lightning on the receiving of signals are nearly eliminated, so that only slight clicks are heard instead of loud and prolonged185 hissing.
It will be understood that the system works with either sustained oscillations or damped wave trains.
What we claim and desire to secure by190 Letters Patent of the United States, is—
1. A wireless transmission and reception system comprising an antenna extending in direction substantially parallel to and buried under the surface of the earth but insulated195 therefrom substantially throughout its length.
2. A wireless signaling system comprising electromagnetic wave signal instruments, an antenna extending outwardly therefrom, a200 second antenna extending in the opposite direction, said antennæ being parallel to and buried under the surface of the earth but insulated therefrom substantially throughout their length, said instruments being connected205 between said antennæ.
3. A wireless transmission and reception system comprising an antenna extending in direction substantially parallel to and buried under the surface of the earth and a 210conduit in which said antenna is insulated substantially throughout its length from the earth.
In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in presence of two subscribing215 witnesses.
James Harris Rogers.
Henry H. Lyon.
- Witnesses:
- John Gibson,
- S. William Ford.
