96 I. ALLGEMEINES UND SPRACHE. 4. VEDIC GRAMMAR. the first member (like a preposition); e. g. indra-prasuta- incited by Indra', devá-hita- 'ordained by the gods', hásta-yata- 'guided by the hand; devá- hūti-² 'invocation of the gods', dhána-sati-3 'winning of wealth'. 2 3. Double accentuation. A certain number of determinative compounds, syntactical in origin, which have a genitive case-form in the first member, and nearly always -páti- in the second, are doubly accented. Such are bŕhas- páti- and brahmanas-páti-4 'lord of prayer', gnás-páti- 'husband of a divine woman' (with the anomalous fem. gnás pátní- 'divine wife'), jás-páti-5 'head of a family'. The compound sádas-páti- lord of the seat' (sádas-) probably stands by haplology for *sádasas-páti-, but vána-s-páti-6 lord of the wood' perhaps, and rátha-s-páti- 'lord of the car' (rátha-) probably, owe their sto the analogy of bŕhas-páti-7. Though without case-ending in the first member, śácī-páti- 'lord of might' follows the analogy of the above compounds. Other doubly accented compounds with case-form in the first member but not ending in -pati- are súnaḥ-sépa- 'Dog's tail', N. of a man; dásyave-výka- 'Wolf to the Dasyu', N. of a man; apám-nápat- 'son of waters', the analogy of which is followed by tánu-nápat- 'son of himself' (tanú-) though it is without case- ending in the first member; nára-śámsa-8 Praise of men' (for *nárām-śámsa-), the analogy of which is followed by ný-sámsa-. The name nábhā-nédiṣṭha- seems to contain an old locative in the first member, while the uninflected stem appears in ás-pátra- (TS. II. 5. 93) 'vessel for the mouth'. 92. 1. The regular class of copulatives, which have only one accent, places the acute on the final syllable irrespective of the accent of the uncompounded word. In the plural occur: ajaváyaḥ m. 'goats and sheep', ukthärká n. 'praises and songs', ahoratráni 'days and nights'; in the dual: rk-samé n. 'song and chant', satyanṛté n. 'truth and untruth', sāśanānaśané n. 'what eats and does not eat'; in the singular: nīlalohitám n. ‘blue and red' ¹º, iṣṭā-purtám n. 'what is sacrificed and presented', keśa-śmaśrú- (AV.) n. 'hair and beard', añjanabhyañjanám (AV.) n. 'salve and ointment', kasipu-barhanám (AV.) n. ‘mat and pillow', krtākṛtám (AV.) n. 'what is done and undone', cittakūtám (AV.) n. 'thought and desire', bhadra-papám (AV.) 'good and evil', bhūta-bhavyám (AV.) n. 'past and future', n. pl. priyapriyáni (AV.) 'things II yaj-ya- 'worship of the gods', beside deva- by s. The only other instance in the RV. yáj-ya-, jāta-vid-ya- knowledge of things', of a Tatpuruşa with case-ending in the first muşti-hat yắ- hand to hand fight'. member and yet singly accented is divo- dāsa-, N. of a king. Elsewhere occur apsu- yogá- (AV.) 'connecting power in water', amhasas-pati- (VS.), perhaps mätúr-bhrātrá- (MS. 1. 6¹2) 'mother's brother' (the Mss. read mātur-bhrātrá-). There are, however, a good many ex- ceptions in which the final syllable is accented (as in prepositional determinatives), e. g. agni-taptá- glowing with fire', agni-dagdhá- 'burnt by fire'. 2 The original accent of the first member is shifted in nemá-dhiti- putting opposite' 'fight', vaná-dhiti 'layer of wood', medhá- sāti- 'receiving of the oblation'. In vánas-páti- the first member may be the gen. sing. of van 'wood' (gen. pl. van- âm); but in rátha-s-páti- thes must be in- organic; cp. GARBE, KZ. 23, 490; RICHTER, IF. 19, 17; BARTHOLOMAE, BB. 15, 15 note¹; WACKERNAGEL 2¹, p. 247. When the verbal sense is lost in the second member, the general rule of final accentuation applies; e. g. deva-sumali- 'favour of the gods', deva-heti- (AV.) 'weapon of the gods'. This analogy is followed by sarva- jyäni- (AV.) loss of one's all'. 7 The only new instance of double accen- tuation of a compound with páti- after the RV. seems to be nýms-páti- (MS.); cp. WACKERNAGEL 2¹, p. 248 d. 8 Cp. FOY, JAOS. 16, CLXXII-IV. 4 Though brahmanas-páti- is not treated as a compound in the Pada text, it is so treated 9 The two or three exceptions which occur in the Dvandva indra-brahmaṇaspatī (11. 24¹2). | in the AV. and VS. are doubtless due to 5 Thus accented in Book VII, but jás-pati, wrong readings. in Book I. The latter is the only Tatpuruṣa 10 The adjectives being used as substan- in the RV. in which double accentuation tives. does not take place when -páti- is preceded 11 In the VS. used in the dual also.
