VII. VERB. PERFECT SYSTEM. 2. iyatha¹ and iyetha, cakártha, jagántha (gam-‘go'), jaghántha, jabhartha, jigetha (ji- 'conquer'), tatántha, dadatha, dadhártha (dhr- 'hold'), dadhátha, ninétha, papātha (pā- ‘drink'), paprátha², babhútha, yayantha (yam- ‘guide'), yayátha, vāvántha, vavártha (vr- 'cover'), vivyáktha (vyac- 'extend'), véttha 10, sasáttha (sad- ‘sit'). With connecting -i-: ápitha (AV.), áritha (r- 'go'), ávitha (av- 'favour'), asitha (as- 'be'), uvócitha (uc- 'be pleased'), cakartitha (krt- ‘cut'), tatárditha (trd- 'split'), dudohitha, dudróhitha (AV.), babhúvitha, rurójitha, rurodhitha, ruróhitha (AV.), vavákṣitha, viveditha (vid- 'find'), vivesitha. — 357 3. ana, anámsa and anaśa (ams 'attain'); ápa, āra (r- 'go'), ava, ása (as- 'eat'), ása (as- 'be' and as- 'throw'), áha (ah- 'say'), iyáya (i- 'go'), uváca (vac- 'speak'), uvasa (vas- 'shine'), uvaha, uvóca (uc- 'be pleased'), cakarta (krt- ‘cut'), cakárśa (kṛś ‘be lean', AV.), cakára, cakrāma, cakháda, cakhána (VS.v.23), cacáksa, cácarta (crt-'bind', AV.), cacára (AV.), cacchanda, caskánda, caskámbha, cikaya (ci- 'gather'), cikāya (ci- 'observe'), cikéta³ (cit- 'perceive'), jagáma, jagraha, jaghåna, jaghása, jajána, jajára (AV.), jabháraª, jigáya (ji- 'conquer'), jujóșa, juháva (hu- 'call'), tatákşa, tatarda, tatarha (AV.), tatána, tatápa, tatāra, tatsāra (tsar- 'approach stealthily'), tastámbha, tatana (RV¹.), tityája, tutáva (tu- 'be strong'), tutóda, dadámbha (dambh- 'harm', AV.), dadárśa, dadabha (dabh- 'harm'), dadára (dr- 'split'), dadása (dāś- 'worship'), dadharşa, dadhára, didéva (div- 'play', AV.), didesa (AV.), did- yóta (AV.), dīdaya (VS. XII. 34), nanāša (nas- 'be lost), nanáha 5 (AV.), nanama, ninaya, papáca (AV.), papāta (AV.), papāda, papráº, pipéśa, pipesa, pipaya, pupósa, babándha (VS. AV.), babarha (brh- 'make strong', AV.), babháñja (bhanj- ‘break'), babhája, babhúva, bibhāya, bibhéda, mamanda (mand- 'exhilarate'), mamárşa, mamátha (math-'shake', AV.), mamáda (mad- 'exhilarate'), mamára (mr- 'die'), mamárja (mrj- 'wipe', AV.), 1. mimāya (mā- 'bellow'), 2. mimaya (mi- 'fix'), 3. mimaya (mi- 'damage'), mīmáya (mi- 'damage', AV.), mimetha (mith- 'alternate'), mimyákṣa, mumóda, yayāma, yuyója (AV.), yuyódha, yuyópa, rarákṣa, raráda, rarádha, riréca, ruroca, rurója, ruroha (AV.), vavakṣa, vavanda, vavárta, vavárdha, vavarha, vavāca³ (vac- ‘speak'), vavāra (vṛ- ‘cover'), vavrája, vāvárta, vāvána, viváya (vi- 'be eager'), vivéda, vivéśa, vivésa, vivyāca, véda o, sasaka (AV.), śaśápa (AV.), śiśrāya (śri- 'resort'), sušoca, suśrava, sasarja, sasáda, sasána, sasára, sasuva, sasáha, siṣedha, sisaya, suşáva (su- 'press'). With the ending -au: tastháu, dadáu, dadháu, papáu (pa- 'drink'), papráu, yayáu. 10 Du. 2. ārathur, aváthur, asathur, iyathur, işáthur, upáthur (√vap), úháthur (√vah-), cakráthur, cakhyathur (khyā- ‘see'), jagṛbháthur, jagmáthur, jigyathur (ji- 'conquer'), jijinváthur, taksathur ¹0, tastháthur, dadáthur, dadhathur, ninyathur, papáthur (pa-‘drink'), paprathur, pipinváthur", pipyathur (pi- 'swell), petathur (Vpat), babhūváthur, mimikşáthur, yayathur, yemáthur (Vyam-), riricáthur, vidáthur, vividáthur, vivyáthur (vyā- or vī- 'envelope'), sedáthur (Vsad), skambháthur ¹⁰. ¹ The irregularity of this form which 5 Overlooked by WHITNEY, Roots, under occurs once in the RV. and once in the AV. | Vnah-: AV. VI. 133¹. beside the regular iyétha is hard to explain. 2 In VL 177 this form stands for the 2. sing. of prath- 'extend'; see NEISSER, BB. 30, 302. 3 Occurs twice in the RV. also with the irregular accent ciketa. 4 It is very doubtful whether jahá VIIL 4537 is 3. sing. perfect of ha- 'leave' (cp. DELBRÜCK, Verbum p. 124), like paprá. PISCHEL, Vedische Studien 1, 163 f., thinks this word with the following kó should be read jáhako 'abandon- ing'. ROTH thinks (pw.)jahá is an interjection. a, 7. 6 The only occurrence of à for au unless jaha is a verbal form. 7 Omitted by AVERY 250. 8 RV¹. beside the ordinary uváca. 9 From jinv- 'quicken', a secondary root starting from the present stem ji-nu- of ji- 'quicken'; see 469, a, 7. ro Unreduplicated form. II From pinu- 'fatten', which started from a present stem of the -nu class; see 469,
