Translation:Shulchan Aruch/Yoreh Deah/90

The Laws of the K'chal

1. The udder (meaning, the breast of the animal) is forbidden according to the word of the Sages, because meat that is cooked with milk from a slaughtered animal is not forbidden from the torah. Therefore, if one tears it and empties the milk inside it is permitted to roast it and eat it. And if one tore it lengthwise and widthwise, and pressed it against a wall until there no longer remains the moisture from the milk, it is permitted to cook it with meat. And an udder that was not torn, whether it was from a young [cow] that did not nurse or whether it was from an adult, it is forbidden to cook it. And if one transgressed and cooked it by itself and of course if he roasted it it is permitted to eat it. And if he cooked it with other meat we measure it against sixty times [the other meat] and the udder is included in the count. How so? If the entire [food] including the udder is like sixty times the udder, the udder is forbidden but the rest is permitted. And if it is less than sixty, the entire thing is forbidden. Whether it is [sixty times the amount] or not, if it fell into another pot it can cause it to become forbidden and we measure it for sixty times like originally; because the udder itself when it is cooked becomes like a piece of forbidden food, and we only measure it like it was at the time when it was cooked and not like it was at the time when it fell [into the other pot]. Rema: and there are those that say that if it originally fell into a pot that did not have sixty times as much, and the udder made it forbidden, if it then falls into another pot the udder is not included in the [count of] sixty times; and this is the main part.

2. We have the custom to not cook [an udder] with meat at all. And to cook it without meat, in oil or in a pastry dough, we need it torn lengthwise and widthwise and pressed against a wall. And roasted, [we need] tearing lengthwise and widthwise. Rema: And if one transgressed and cooked it, if he tore it lengthwise and widthwise and pressed it against a wall, there are those that permit it after the fact in a case of great loss, but without this it is not permitted. And that which we have the custom to tear it and to cut it many times lengthwise and widthwise across the entire thing, that's preferred and works better than pressing it against a wall. And by roasting, we have the custom that from the onset one should tear it lengthwise and widthwise and press it against a wall. However, if one transgressed and roasted it, even without tearing, it is permitted if it was roasted alone without any meat with it. And if it was roasted with meat, if it was torn lengthwise and widthwise and pressed against a wall, both of them are permitted, and if not, the top one is permitted and the bottom one is forbidden. And we don't forbid both of them [from the concern] that maybe the spit flipped, because after the fact we don't make it forbidden. But, from the onset we don't roast it with meat at all. And [to cook it] in a pot without meat, our custom is that it is forbidden from the onset. And so too is the law by frying it, even with meat and even if the udder was dried out. And if one transgressed and cooked it in a pot alone, after the fact it is permitted if it was torn lengthwise and widthwise and pressed against a wall. However, if it was dried out, which is after thirty days, if one transgressed and cooked it, even with meat, it is permitted after the fact. And to make it an udder in pastry dough, without meat, the custom is to permit it if the pastry dough is not baked in a frying pan. But, in a frying pan the law is similar to cooking in a pot. And there are those set individuals that are strict by all pastry dough if the udder is not dried out first. There are those that are strict to not bake a pastry dough of udder with one of meat in a small oven, rather, he should place one by the entrance of the oven. And it is better to be careful from the onset because this is only a mere stingency.

3. It is permitted to cut a hot udder with a knife that was used to cut meat and for sure [this applies to] a raw udder even though it is filled with milk. And so too, it is permitted to cut meat with a knife that was used to cut an udder. And so too is the law [that it is permitted] to eat one in a utensil that the other one was eaten in. Rema: And so too is the law [that it is permitted] to roast one on the spit that the other one was roasted on. And so too is the law that it is permitted to leave [an udder] on a plate together with roasted meat, even if they are both hot, because after the udder was roasted according to its law, it is considered like other meats for all purposes. And the is precisely if it was roasted according to its law, which is that it was first torn lengthwise and widthwise and pressed it against a wall, but if one transgressed and roasted it without tearing it, or [only] tore it slightly, all of these cases are from the onset forbidden, but after the fact they are all permitted. And if it was torn according to its law and roasted, even though afterwards one found in it holes full of milk, there is no need to be concerned. And so too, if one leaves it complete, before roasting it, together with its milk for a complete day, it is permitted; and we do not say that soaking it is like cooking it in this case.

4. To roast an udder or to salt it with meat, its law is the same law as roasting or salting a liver with meat. And there are those who permit salting an udder on meat. Rema: And one shouldn't salt it with meat; but after the fact, in every matter, it's permitted. The skin of the stomach, after its milk is removed from it and it's rinsed, it has the same law as other meat and it is permitted to salt it with other meat, and it does not have the law of an udder at all.