of islands in Snorre’s Edda, written “nǫs” and in a Shetl. deed of 1490 “nws”, is doubtless an orig. “nǫs” (nas-), nose.
all > a’.
ga’1, sb., mock-sun, from an original *gall. Formed in accordance with ga, the gall, L.Scottish form of the Eng. gall, sb.
ga’2, sb., something hard, pressed together; alternates sometimes with older gall, thus in the word gall-knot, now more commonly “ga’-knot”.
ca', in the form now used for to call, but in a couple of fragments of older language, half Norn, and half L.Scottish, kall [käᶅ] is used. In sense of to cry, of gulls, kall is commonly used; likewise in sense of a call; claim.
fall is called “fa’”, but in compds. the older form fall [fäᶅ] is found as the second part: bafall, bergfall, tungefall, occas. alternating with fadl: tungefadl, and with fell, in sense of current, in landfell.
ba’, sb., ball, globe. Older forms are: bolli, bollek, ball [bal, bäᶅ, diff. from Eng. ball].
a', all, adj. Older al, ol, wol, as the first part of some compds.: almark, olmark, *wolmen (*olmenn), wolmø, sbs.; alt in *altasenn.
The change all > a’ probably took place in the 18th and 19th centuries, beginning with the breaking up of Norn, first in words common to Norn and English (L.Scottish), and later in words without English and Scottish parallels after it had become apparent that O.N. -all, like Eng. -all, become in L.Scottish a long ā.
i̇̄, ɩ̄ > äi.
The long i is in Shetl. Norn often changed to the diphthong äi through influence of English, and for a great part in words not having an English analogy to influence the sound: ím > äim (rarely i̇̄m), soot, hím > häim (rarely hi̇̄m), klína > kläin, to spread on. skíð > skäi (mould-board on a plough). The fact that the diphthong äi for i̇̄ is carried through in words not having English parallels, shows that in Shetl. the long i in Norn has been understood to correspond with the English diphthong äi.
i̇̄ > äi.
Parallels are, however, commonly found with i [i̇̄ (i)], thus: imet, adj., dirty-grey, (sooty), not “äimet” from *ímóttr. himet, not “häimet” from *hímóttr. i [i̇̄ (i)] is prevalent in a number of words: is, vb., iset, adj. grima, sb„ grimek, sb. (now occas. with a shortening of original long i), grimet, adj. to geng to de i̇̄la (of fishing from an anchored boat), in Du.: “to geng to de äils”.
Alternation between i and äi: gris, “gis”, and now commonly: gräis, grise (grize), as in Eng. dial. (L.Sc.). skri̇̄d and skräid, vb., from O.N. skríða.
