Hydrogen sulfide not produced.
Non-lipolytic.
Tyrosine in a caseinate medium: Growth slight; no color reaction.
Carbohydrate utilization difficult to determine because of meager growth. Glucose, sucrose and trehalose probably utilized. Lactose, maltose, raffinose, dulcitol, glycerol, mannitol, sorbitol, dextrin, inulin, aesculin and salicin utilization doubtful.
Starch hydrolyzed.
Pectate medium not liquefied.
Temperature relations: Optimum, 30° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 37° C.
Moderate growth in broth plus 1 per cent NaCl; no growth with 1.5 per cent NaCl.
Chemical tolerance: Optimum pH between 6.6 and 7.6. Minimum, 5.8.
Source: Isolated from diseased grass, Axonopus scoparius, in Colombia.
Habitat: Pathogenic on Axronopus spp.
52. Xanthomonas oryzae (Uyeda and Ishivama, 1926) Dowson, 1943. (Pseudomonas oryzae Uyeda and Ishiyama, Proe. Third Pan-Pacific Sci. Congr., Tokyo, 2, 1926, 2112; Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc., 26, 1943, 12.)
o.ry’zae. Gr. oryza rice; M.L. fem.n. Oryza generic name of rice; M.L. gen.noun oryzae of Oryza.
Rods 0.5 to 0.8 by 1.0 to 2.0 microns. Motile with a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Gelatin: No liquefaction.
Nutrient agar colonies: Circular, smooth, glistening, wax-yellow.
Milk: Slightly acid.
Nitrites not produced from nitrates.
Hydrogen sulfide produced.
Acid but no gas from glucose, lactose and sucrose.
Optimum temperature, between 26° and 30° C.
Strict aerobe.
Source: Isolated from a leaf blight of rice.
Habitat: Pathogenic on rice, Oryza sativa.
53. Nanthomonas celebensis (Giau-mann, 1923) Dowson, 1943. (Pseudomonas celebensis Giitumann, Ztschr. f. Pflanzen-krank., 88, 1923, 11; Meded. Inst. voor Plantenziek., Buitenzorg, 59, 1923, 17; 175 Dowson, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc., 26, 1943, 11.)
ce.le.ben’sis. Celebes, an island name; M.L. adj. celebensis of Celebes.
Rods 0.9 by 1.5 microns. Motile by a single polar flagellum. Gram-negative.
Agar colonies: Grayish yellow.
Broth: Thin pellicle.
Milk: Coagulated and cleared.
Nitrites not produced from nitrates.
Sodium selenite: Brick red.
Starch hydrolyzed.
Source: From vascular bundles of diseased bananas from the Celebes.
Habitat: Causes the blood disease of banana.
54. Xanthomonas panici (Elliott, 1923) Savulescu, 1947. (Bacterium panici Elliott, Jour. Agr. Res., 26, 1923, 157; Sivulescu, Anal. Acad. Romane, III, 22, 1947, 11.)
pa’ni.ci. L. panicum Italian panic grass; M.L. neut.n. Panicum generic name; M.L. gen.noun panici of Panicum.
Rods 0.69 by 1.66 microns. Encapsulated. Motile with 1, rarely 2, polar flagella. Gram-negative.
Gelatin: Liquefaction slow.
Beef agar colonies: Circular, white, smooth, glistening, margins at first entire, later undulate.
Broth: Moderate turbidity in 24 hours. Thin pellicle. Medium brownish.
Milk: Alkaline and clears.
Nitrites produced from nitrates.
Indole not produced.
Hydrogen sulfide produced.
No acid or gas from carbohydrates.
Starch: Hydrolysis moderate.
Temperature relations: Optimum, 33° C. Minimum, 5° C. Maximum, 45° C.
pH range for growth, pH 5.4 to 10.0. Optimum pH, between 6.15 and 6.3.
Aerobic.
Distinctive characters: Differs from Pseudomonas andropogoni in that it liquefies gelatin, produces nitrites from nitrates and does not infect sorghum and broom corn.
Source: Isolation from water-soaked lesions on leaves, sheaths and culms of millet collected in Wisconsin and in 8. Dakota.
Habitat: Pathogenic on proso millet, Panicum miliaceum.
