Page:Gesenius' Hebrew Grammar (1910 Kautzsch-Cowley edition).djvu/505

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to follow with the sign of the accusative;[1] but most probably we should read with the LXX שֻֽׁבְכֶם for אֶתְכֶם.

 [o (4) The fact that אֵין (like אַ֫יִן) always includes the idea of a verb (is not, was not, &c.) led finally to such a predominance of the verbal element, that the original character of אֵין as a construct state (but cf. i above) was forgotten, and accordingly it is very frequently separated from its noun (substantive or participle); especially so by the insertion of shorter words (of the nature of enclitics), e.g. בּוֹ Is 16, לוֹ Lv 1110, 12, לָהּ Gn 1130, גַּם ψ 143, שָׁם Ju 1810, Ex 1230; but cf. also ψ 510, 66, 322, and אֵין used absolutely in Ex 222, 1 K 89, Ru 44.—Hence, finally, even the transposition of אֵין and its noun became possible, e.g. Gn 408 and 41:15 וּפֹתֵר אֵין אֹתוֹ and an interpreter there is not of it; Gn 4713, Ju 146, 1 S 212, Is 130, Jer 3013, Hb 219, Pr 517 (וְאֵין=neve sint; cf. k above, on Jb 39); 30:27.—In Gn 1931, Ex 516 אֵין is placed between the subject and predicate.

 [p Rem. 1. Like לֹא... כֹּל or כֹּל... לֹא (see b above) so also אֵין כֹּל expresses an absolute negation, e.g. Ec 19 אֵין כָּל־חָדָשׁ there is no new thing, &c.; 2 S 123, Dn 14 (cf. also אֵין מְא֫וּמָה there is nothing, 1 K 1843, Ec 513); as also כָּל־... אֵין Hb 219; cf. מְא֫וּמָה אֵין Ju 146.

 [q 2. Undoubtedly akin to אֵין in origin is the negative syllable אִי occurring in the two compounds אִי כָבוֹד (as a proper name, 1 S 421; Baer אִֽי־כָבוֹד) and אִֽי־נָקִי not innocent, Jb 2230; but the proper name אִֽיתָמָר is doubtful, and the fem. אִיזֶ֫בֶל very doubtful. In Ethiopic this אִי is the most common form of negation, prefixed even to verbs.

 [r (d) טֶ֫רֶם not yet, when referring to past time is used, as a rule (§ 107 c), with the imperfect, Gn 25 כֹּל... טֶ֫רֶם none... yet; see b and p above; Gn 194, 2445, Jos 28, 1 S 33; with the imperfect in the sense of a present, Ex 107 הֲטֶ֫רֶם תֵּדַע knowest thou not yet? Ex 930; but cf. Gn 2415, and בְּטֶ֫רֶם with the perfect in ψ 902 (but see § 107 c), Pr 825.

 [s (e) אֶ֫פֶס (prop. a substantive, cessation) no longer, including the verbal idea of existing, cf. Dt 3236, Is 456, 14, 46:9; used absolutely, Am 610 in the question הַאֶ֫פֶס עוֹד אִישׁ is there none left? &c., 2 S 93; frequently also in the sense of non nisi; with ־ִי paragogic (§ 90 m) אַפְסִי Is 478, 10, Zp 215 אֲנִי וְאַפְסִי עוֹד I am, and there is none else.

 [t (f) בַּל,[2] in poetic and prophetic style, and with a certain emphasis,=לֹא, is used with the imperfect, e.g. Is 2614, 3320, 23 (immediately afterwards with a perfect); Ho 72, ψ 4913, Pr 1030 (but Is 1421 before the jussive,=אַל־); before an adjective, Pr 2423; before a preposition, ψ 162, Pr 237.

(g) בְּלִי with a perfect, Gn 3120, Is 146; with an imperfect, Jb 4118; to negative a participle, Ho 78, ψ 194; to negative an adjective, 2 S 121.

(h) בִּלְתִּי to negative an adjective, 1 S 2026; on בִּלְתִּי Ez 133, see x; on

  1. According to De Lagarde, Novae psalterii graeci editionis specimen, p. 26, יְשׁוּעָ֫תָה ψ 33 is also an accusative after אֵין.
  2. Evidently from בָּלָה to waste away, from which stem also בְּלִי and בֶּ֫לֶת (whence בִּלְתִּי § 90 m), originally substantives, are formed.