with its antecedent in gender and number. In neither of the sentences are the antecedents and relatives in the same case. Virōs and fēminam are accusatives, and quī and quae are nominatives, being the subjects of the subordinate clauses. Hence
224. Rule. Agreement of the Relative. A relative pronoun must agree with its antecedent in gender and number; but its case is determined by the way it is used in its own clause.
225. Interrogative Pronouns. An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun that asks a question. In English the interrogatives are who? which? what? In Latin they are quis? quid? (pronoun) and quī? quae? quod? (adjective).
226. Examine the sentences
|
a. Who is the man? Quis est vir? b. What man is leading them? Quī vir eōs dūcit? |
In a, who is an interrogative pronoun. In b, what is an interrogative adjective. Observe that in Latin quis, quid is the pronoun and quī, quae, quod is the adjective.
227. 1. The interrogative adjective quī, quae, quod is declined just like the relative pronoun. (See § 221.)
2. The interrogative pronoun quis, quid is declined like quī, quae, quod in the plural. In the singular it is declined as follows:
| Masc. and Fem. | Neut. | |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | quis, who? | quid, what? which? |
| Gen. | cuius, whose? | cuius, whose? |
| Dat. | cui, to or for whom? | cui, to or for what or which? |
| Acc. | quem, whom? | quid, what? which? |
| Abl. | quō, from, etc., whom? | quō, from, etc., which or what? |
Note. Observe that the masculine and feminine are alike and that all the forms are like the corresponding forms of the relative, excepting quis and quid.
228.
EXERCISES
I.
- Quis est aeger? Servus quem amō est aeger.
- Cuius scūtum habēs? Scūtum habeō quod lēgātus ad castellum mīsit.
- Cui lēgātus suum scūtum dabit? Fīliō meō scūtum dabit.
- Ubi Germānī
