Page:Persian Romanization.pdf/3

2. 

(b)

The long ū-vowel (and short u-vowel in some monosyllables) is romanized ū.

	dūr	دور
	chūn	چون
	tū	تو

(c)

The diphthong romanized aw.

Firdawsī

فردوسی

When the diphthong precedes a consonantal و, the combination is romanized avv. See rule 7.

و may be used as a support for ء (hamzah); in this case it is not represented in romanization. See rule 4.

3.

ی is used to represent:

(a)

The consonant romanized y.

	yār	یار
	siyāh	سیاه
	pāy	پای

(b)

The long vowel romanized ī.

	Īrān	ایران
	qālī	قالی

(c)

The diphthong romanized ay.

	ayvān	ایوان
	ray	ری

(d)

The final long vowel romanized á.

Muṣṭafá

مصطفیَ

For the use of ی (y) as a mark of iz̤āfah, see rule 8(c).

ی in the medial forms یـ, ـیـ, without dots, may be used as a support for ء (hamzah); in this case ی is not represented in romanization. See rule 4 below.

Orthographic Symbols Other than Letters and Vowel Signs

The signs listed below are frequently omitted in Persian writing and printing; their presence must then be inferred. They are represented in romanization according to the following rules:

4.

ء (hamzah)

(a)

When initial, ء is not represented in romanization.

(b)

When medial or final, ء is romanized ʼ (alif) except as noted in (c) and (d) below.

	muʼassir	مؤثر
	khulafāʼ	خلفاء