QUELPAERT. 610 QUERCITRON. QUELPAERT, kwOl'piirt. The name by which the Koreuii islaiul of Tainra is kuowii to foreign- ers. It lies about t)0 miles south of the mainland in latitude 33' 25' N. and longitude 126° 37' E. (Map: Korea, G 5). It is nearly oval in form, measures 40 by 20 miles, and is cov- ered almost entirely with mountains, wliieh end steeply on the coast, and culminate in Han-ra-san, or Mount Auckland, with a height of 6700 feet and vi.sible far out at sea on ac- count of its whiteness. On its sunuuit are three extinct craters, within each of which is a lake of pure water, whence, according to local legend, issued the first tliree men of the world. Area, about 780 square miles. Population, about 80,- 000. The chief industries are agricultui'e, fish- ing, straw-plaiting, and the manufacture of the very fine s[ilit-biiiiil)oo hats which are peculiar to Korea. Quelpaert is also noted for its fine lirccil of cattle. It chief town is Chyei Chyu, where the moksa, or governor, resides. The island was first surveyed and mapped by the officers of the livit- ish ship Hinntiranij in 1843. Consult: Belelier, yarrative of H. M . H. SaiH<ir<iii(/ (Tjondon. 1848) : Hamel, "Narrative of Captivity in Korea." in Griffis's Korea Without and Within (New York, 1885). QUENIULT, kwe'nt-tilt' (properly Kwi- naiiiti). A small tribe of Salishan stock (q.v.), formerly claiming the territory upon the river of the same name on the Pacific coast of Wash- ington, where they still hohl a reservation. They first entered into Government relations in 185.5. They are attached to the Puyallup agency, and in their general habit and present condition closely resemble the Puyallup (q.v.). Thej' have greatly declined and number only 130. The Quaitso. a sub-tribe, number about 00 more. QUENSTEDT, kven'stet, FRiEniucH August (1809-89). A German mineralogist and geologist. He was born at Eislcben, studied at Berlin, and in 1837 became professor of geology and min- eralogy' at Tubingen. In geology (Jucnstedt made a special study of the sedimentary formations in Swabia, the basis of modern knowledge of the Jurassic system. His great contribution in mineralogy was in applying the analytic method to the study of crystalline .systems. He i>ub- lished: Mefhode der KristiiVofjraphie (1840); Eandhiirh der Mhicrntof/ie (1854; 3d ed. 1877) ; and Gnindrisx der bestimmenden vnd rechnenden Krislalloprujihie (1873). QUENTAL, kfiN-tiil', AxTHERO de (1842-91). A Portuguese poet, born at Ponta-Delgada, on the island of San Miguel. He studied law at the University of Coimbra, and early began to write verse. As a poet he belongs to the Romanticists. and is perhaps the most individual of the 'Young Portuguese' school. He also wrote criti- cal and pliilosophical articles, like his poetry, deeply pessimistic in tone. His works ineluile a collection of sonnets (1863): Beniri- (1864); Odes modernas (1805), reprinted with additions (1875); Primmjerns rouianfions (1872); So- netos (1881) ; Os snneton completos (1886) ; and the critical and philosophical Bom-sensoe e hom- gosto (1865); A d>(]nid(ide dris letras (1865); Considerai^oes sohre a filosnfn dn historia lit- teruria pQrtu(iue~a (1872r: and .4 poesia rui iie- tualidade (1881). Consult Bjiirkman, Anihero de Qiiental (Upsala, 1894). QUENTEL, kven'tel, Hei.nricu (?-1501). A Cierman printer, of Cologne. He was born in Strassburg, and about 1478, having married iu Cologne, there established a press near the great Cathedral, whence the place-mark /trope suinmuiii in his books. The earliest dated work from Quentel's press is Fralris Astexaiii Opim de Casi- bus CoiiJicicntiw (1479). But it seems prob- able that the earliest Low Gernuin version of the Scriptures, which is usually reckoned as printed al)Out 1470, is from Quentel's types, and possibly from his press. The business for some time after Ileinrieh's death still bore his name, several books having the imprint In Oj]ieina Felivis ilein- vriv Henrici Queiitell. His two sons carried it on until loiZO, when Peter Ijecame sole owner. His chief publication was a map of the city of Cologne (1531). QUENTIN DURWARD, kwen'tin dfir'werd. A novel by Sir Waller Scott (1823). Tile scene is Prance in the time of Louis XI,, where the hero goes to seek his fortune. Having gained the King's favor by saving him from a boar, Dur- ward is sent to conduct two great ladies to the Bishop of Li&ge, and succeeds in spite of treach- ery on the part of Louis. The Bishop is mur- dered in an attack, but Durward and Isa- bella escajje and are nuirried. The treacherous and superstitious King is admirably portrayed. QU^RARD, ka'riir', Jo.seph jMarie (1791- 18(i5), A French bililiographer, born in Renncs. He worked in a bookseller's shop in his native town as a j'outh, and went to Paris in 1822, The next two years he spent in the printing and bookselling business in Vienna, and then re- turned to Paris to begin the publication of La France littfraire on Dictionnnii-e bihliofim- phirjne, etc. (1827-42; 2 vols, of sup, 1854-64), This work is an invahiable bibliography of eigh- teenth-century French authors. La liltcraliire franraise conlempuraine (1842-57) is a con- tinmition of it. Through Guizot, Querard obtained a small pension which enabled him to continue liis study and writing, and he was helped by the bibliographer Poltoratzky. but he died in pov- erty, Querard's other works include: Les auteins de(/uises de la litti^ratwe fran^aise au XlXe sii'cle (1845); Les snpercheries litteraires dc- voiMes . . . (1840-54); Omissions et bct'iKs . . . (1848), and S^es ^crirriins pseudonfinies, etc. (1854-56). He also began a great Enc/i- clopfdie dii bibliothecaire, and published Lc QiK'rard, Archives d'histoire littiraire de bio- ijraphie et de hibliographie fransaises, etc. "(1855-56), QUER'CETA'NUS. See Duchesne, Andr^. QUERCIA. kwar'cha, Jacopo della. See JacOPO DELI.A Ql'EKCIA. QUER'CITRON (from Lat. qncreiis. oak + eilnis. citron), The name both of a dyestulT and of the species of oak of which it is the bark. This oak {Qiierciis fincloria). also called dyer's oak, is a native of North America — one of the noblest forest trees of the United States, found in New England, and as far south as Geor- gia, although there only at a considerable eleva- tion. The wood is reddish, coarse-grained, and porous, but much esteemed for strengtli and dura- bility, and is used in .-Vmerica for shipbuilding. The bark is used for tanning as well as for dye- ing. It is the inner bark which is the quercitron
