Without consultation, suddenly to desire an armistice, is a mark of ulterior design.
The passing to and fro of messengers, and the forming up of troops, show that the enemy has some movement on foot.
An advance, followed by sudden retirement, is a lure to attack.
When the enemy use their weapons to rest upon, they are hungry.
If the drawers of water drink at the river, the enemy is suffering from thirst.
Disregard of booty that lies ready at hand is a sign of exhaustion.
The clustering of birds round a position shows that it is unoccupied.
Voices calling in the night betoken alarm.
Disorder in the army is a sign that the general is disregarded.
A changing about of flags and banners is a sign that the army is unsettled.
If the officers be angry, it is because the soldiers are tired, and slow to obey.
The killing of horses for food shows that the enemy is short of provisions.
When the cooking-pots are hung up on
