The South Staffordshire Coalfield/Index
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INDEX.
A. Page Abstract of principal coals 20 Action of forces of disturbance 155 Air heads 221 Aldridge trial pits 99, 160 Alteration of coal, speculations on nature of 123 Alteration of "green rock" into "white rock" trap 118 Amount of coal in different parts of field 106 Analysis of basalt 117 of "white rock" trap 118 Arblaster, Samuel, found ironstone beneath deep coal of Brown Hills 76 , on outcrop of coal 170 Arenaceous materials of Coal-measures 16 Argillaceous materials of Coal-measures 15 Ash, trappean, associated with basalt 130 Attwood, Mr., the Hawn colliery of 28 Aymestrey limestone 106 fossils of 116 B. Baekstone ironstone 21,34 Baggeridge Wood, Permian conglomerate of 13 Bagnall's, Messrs., pit near Tividale, Thick coal injured by "rock and rig" and trap 43 , limestone pits of 107 Baker, Philip, of Landywood 89 Bald's Hill fault 165 Ballstone ironstone (Baremoor) 55 Bangham pit, section in lane leading to 9,10,14 Baremoor colliery 30 rock fault at 46 section of 47 swell or roll at 52 Barnford Hill, Permian conglomerate of 12 Barr Beacon, height of 2 Great Permian rocks at 186 limestone 108 and Llandovery rocks found only on east side of coal-field 134 Barrow Hill colliery 30 basalt of 124 Basalt 3, 117 and Greenstone, difference between, owing to circumstances 150 cut and shifted by faults 132 and ash 120, 131 analysis of 117 at Yew-tree Hill 154 contemporaneous 131 of Barrow Hill 124 of Netherton 125 of Rowley 120 of Pouk Hill 125 mode of deposit of 130 poured out on surface 130 of Rowley, its influence on 117 the dislocation of the rocks 152 Base of Coal -measures 80 Bass coal 24 Batt or bass 16 Beaudesert Old Park, section in 104 Beckett, Mr. H, of Wolverhampton, sections communicated by 39, 94 faults between Birch Hills and Harden communicated by 169 mining plans of Norton Manor, communicated by 102 on stools of plants in coal 201 faults laid down by 210 Bell Inn, Northfield, Permian rock near 9 Benches, bottom of Thick coal 21, 35 coal of Wyrley 92 Bentley, beds below Heathen coal 56 Bind coal and ironstone at 21, 88 Blue flats at 79 Bottom coal at 72, 168 fault 87, 168 Fire-clay balls at 64 Fire-clay coal at 65, 168 General section at 23 George, Mr., of, 65, 69, 79,88, 98, 167,174 Heathen coal at 55, 88, 158 Hey coal 24, 88, 93, 158 Lambstone ironstone at 88 Limestone pit at 84 New Mine coal at 60, 168 New Mine stone at 56 Old Man's coal of 24, 88, 168 Poor Robin at 58 separation of New Mine coals at 22 Bibbley rock, description of 16 Page Bills, Mr., of Cannock Chase colliery 171 Bilston Meadow, New Mine coal at 62 Bilston, outcrop of Thick coal at Bind coal and ironstone 53 Binds, description of 16 Bindstone ironstone (Chillington colliery) 55 Binney, Mr., on Stigmaria and Sigillaria 216, 217 Birch, John, of Brown Hills 170 Birch's coppice, Brown Hills, out-crop of coal at 170 Birch Hills colliery, Bottom coal at 60 Green rock at 130 New Mine coal at 60 Birchyfield colliery 43 Black ironstone, same as Gubhin 21,54 Black ring 54 Blackheath colliery, abortive sinking at 42, 63 possibility of Silurian at 81 Blackwell, Mr. J.K. 53, 151 Mr. S. H. 68, 69, 117, 132, 122 faults laid down by 210 Blactery 21, 55 Bloxwich, Heathen coal at 88 source of Tame river near 2 Blue flats ironstone 22, 77 slightly unconformable to Silurian limestone near Walsall 135 Blue stone, or cakes, ironstone 21, 51 Bolt hole 221 Boring at the Birches, near Rugeley 174 at Flaxley Common, near Brereton 174 uselessness of 90, 174 Botany Bay colliery, near Hednesford 104 Bottom benches (Thick coal) 21, 35 coal 20, 22, 24, 25, 69 open work in 72, 169 worked continuously from Bilston to Cannock Chase 87 stratification of, examined with reference to mode of deposit of coal 205 of Wyrley 92 at Essington 96 gubbin, or gubbin and balls 22 slipper (Thick coal) 21, 35 Boundary faults of coal-field, general description 142 detailed description 175 erroneously supposed to have been old cliffs 176 shown to be real dislocations 176 calculation of depth and place of coal outside impossible 176 eastern 177 near Oldbury 178 near Westbromwich 178 near Barr 179 between Hay Head and Lappal Tunnel, discussion of 179 splitting of, near Brown Hills 180 eastern, no Permian outside northern part of 180 near Brereton 180 near Beaudesert and Brown Hills 180 near Walsall Wood 181 Boundary fault, western 181 branches of, near Kings-winford 181 north of Stourbridge 181 near Oldswinford 181 near Himley and Sedgley 182 near Parkfield, violent fractures at 182 near Wolverhampton 182 from Wolverhampton to Cannock 182 splitting of, near Wedge's Mills 183 near Hednesford 183 probably more recent than lias 188 Bradley lodge 37 colliery 64 Lower, Getting rock at 69 Upper 66 Brand Hall, Permian conglomerate at 12 Brassils (Thick coal) 21, 35 Brereton collieries 105 Brewer, Mr., of Goscott 169 Brierley Hill, trough faults at 156 Broad earth or heath 21, 34, 111 Brockmoor fault 156 Bromley Hall colliery 32 Bromsgrove Lickey, height of 1 Brooch binds ironstone 32 coal 20, 31 of Wyrley 92 at Essington 96 Brooks, John, of Pelsall Heath 169 Brough, Mr. Lionel, one of H. M.'s Inspectors of Collieries 63 Brown Hills colliery 64 dip of beds at 102 general section of 23 New Mine, coal at 61 Brownstone ironstone 22, 55 Buddie, Mr., on "the Horse" Forest of Dean colliery 45 Bullock's Farm pits, Permian coal at 12 Bunter beds 3, 4, 5 Bushbury, Permian rocks near 183 Butty, or charter-master system 221 C. Cakes, ironstone 22,57 Canals, levels of 1 Cannel coal 23,92,95 Cannock Chase colliery 171 district 102 contains whole of Coal-measures 103 height of 2 Page Cannock Chase, New Red sandstone of 187 Cannock Mill, section at 103 Caradoc (Llandovery) sandstone 14, 106 Carbonaceous materials of Coal-measures 12 Carboniferous iivestone: pebbles of in Permian conglomerate 13 Castle Foot pottery, near Dudley, outcrops of coal near 62 Castle Hill, Beaudesert, height of 2 Castle Hill outcrop of coal at 123 Castle Hill Dudley, height of 2 Castle Hill Dudley, section at 107 Castle Hill Dudley, structure of 145 Cat earth or heath, or catch earth, 21, 34, 45 Cathedral colliery, Brown Hills 58, 73 Causeway Green colliery 44 Caverns of Wren’s Nest 147 Central and northern part of coal-field, general description 143 Central and northern part detailed description 159 Centeral and south-eastern part of coal-field, general description 143 Centeral and detailed description 162 Chalk flints in gravel 6 Chance, Messrs., pits near Oldbury, 42, 177 Charles coal of Wyrley and Essingto 23, 92, 95 Checkley, Mr. W., of Spring Hill, near Bloxwich 172 Chillington Colliery, bindstone at 55 Chillington Blue flats at 78 Chillington Green rock at 128 Chillington Gubbin and Balls at 75 Chillington New Mine stone at 26 Chillington Measures at 63 Chillington Silurian at 84 Church Bridge, section near 97 Church Hill, Permian breceia at 15 Cinder coal 24, 26, 169 Claycross colliery 54 Clayhanger and Daw End fault, magnitude of 101 Clayhanger cuts off at of Pelsall and Brown Hills 170 Clayhanger a branch of eastern boundary fault 180 Clent Hills, height of 1 Clint Hills, New Red sandstone near 187 Clint Hills, Permian rocks of 9, 13, 184, 185 Cliffs, boundary faults formerly thought to have been 176 cliffs of Silurian under Coal-measures 180 Clod, description of 16 Clunch, description of 16 Clunch rock, description of 17 Coal and ironstone, mode of working 219 Coal, sandstone mingled 49 Coal, at Aldridge, Coppy Hall, and Essington compared 100 Coal, Lickey Hill 106 Coal, Stonehouse near Harbourne 106 Coal, beneath red clay of Walsall Wood and Essington Wood 102 Coal, "blacked" by trap 121 Coal, but slightly altered by trap 123 Coal, changes in beds of 18 Coal, comparative constancy in beds of 17 Coal, compound seams of 25 Coal, cropping into New Red sand-stone 173 Coal, Bass 24, 26, 61, 168 Coal, Benches (of Wyrley), 24, 92, 96, 97 Coal, Bentley Hay or Four-foot, 24, 88, 90, 93, 168 Coal, Bottom 22, 69, 83, 86, 168, 169 Coal, Bottom (of Wyrley), 24, 89, 90, 92,96, 97 Coal, Brooch 20, 31, 32,39, 43, 46, 158 Coal, Brooch (of Wyrley), 24, 92, 96, 97 Coal, Charles 23, 92,95, 96, 97, 98 Coal, Cinder 24, 26, 170 Coal, Deep 24, 26, 73, 170 Coal, Eight-foot or Old Mans, 24, 88, 92, 96 Coal, Fire-clay 22, 26, 65, 168 Coal, Four-foot or Bentley Hay, 24, 26,88, 90, 93, 96 Coal, Heathen 21, 25, 39, 55,8 88, 164, 168 Coal, Little or Two-foot 20, 31 Coal, Lower heathen or Rubble 21, 55 Coal, Mealy Grey or Singing 22, 76 Coal, New Mine 22, 26, 60, 167 Coal, Old Mans or Eight-foot, 24, 88, 89,92, 96 Coal, Old Robins 23, 26,91, 95, 96 Coal, Rubble or Lower heathen 21, 55 Coal, Shallow, 24, 26, 73, 74, 169, 170, 171 Coal, Singing or Mealy grey 22, 76 Coal, Sulphur 22, 24, 25, 58, 168 Coal, Thick 21, 34 to 52, 137, 142, 154, 156, 164, 166, 194, 202, 220 Coal, Two foot or Little 20, 31 Coal, Upper Sulphur 21, 31 Coal, Yard of Wyrley 23, 91, 95, 97 Coal, Yard (of Pelsall and Brown Hills) 24, 60, 61, 168, 170, 171 Coal, deposition of, in relation with its specific gravity 204 Coal, depth of, beneath the "Red rocks" 200 Coal, formation of, difficulties asto, from occurrence of "rolls" or "swells" and "flying read" 201 Coal, formation of, from occurrence of"rock faults" in 202 Coal, formation of, Bottom coal of Pelsall, &c. examined 205 Coal, in Permian rocks 12 Coal, of Pelsall and Brown Hills below red clays of Walsall Wood 101 Coal, origin of, remarks on 201 Coal, raised and iron made in South Staffordshire; note by Mr. Hunt on 228 Coal, searched for in Silurian shale 161 Coal, single beds of, never exceed two or three feet in thickness 25 Coal, so interstratified with other measures that all seem deposited by one kind of operation 205 Page Coal, stratification of, observes law of relation of specific gravity to action of moving water 205 Coal, total amount of thickness of, in South Staffordshire (note) 106 Coal, varieties of 17 Coal-field divided into two parts, and the subdivisions of each 142 Coal-measures abutting against Silurian cliffs 80 Coal-measures all deposited by one kind of operation 206 Coal-measures and Silurian, slight distinction between 83 Coal-measures deposited unconformably on slightly elevated and denuded edges of Silurian beds 134 Coal-measures detailed description 28 Coal-measures fossils of, note by Mr. Salter on 27 Coal-measures general description of 16 Coal-measures on two sides of northern part of coal-field, comparison of 101 Coal-measures unconformable on Llandovey sandstone near Barr 110 Coal-measures do. do. near the Lickey Coal-measures Cockshutts colliery, Blue flats at 78 Coal-measures Fire-clay balls at 63 Colly, Mr., of Shut End, on gate road through Shut End fault 158 Colmers and Kendal End, limestone at 111 Columnar basalt at Rowley 119 Columnar radiating at Pouk Hill 125 Commissioners of Norton Manor, faults inserted from plans of 170 Comparison of Coppy Hall and Aldridge pits 100 Compound seams of coal 25 Conduit colliery, Brown Hills 74 Conduit Gubbin and Balls at 76 Coneygree colliery 58, 64 Coneygree New Mine coal at 62 Conformability or unconformability of formations to each other 123 Conformability apparent, of Permian to Coal-measure along southern boundary 175 Conglomerate or pebble beds of New Red sandstone 6 Conglomerate near Wordesley 2 Conglomerate lie and position of between Harbourne and Brereton 187 Connection of central and south-western part of coal-field 163 Cook's Wood, section near 11 Cooksey, Mr., of Westbromwich 50, 122 Cooper's Lodge, outcrop of coal near 102 Coppy Hall colliery, near Walsall Wood 99 Corbyn's Hall colliery 30, 32, 37 Corbyn New Mine stone at 67 Corbyn lower measures at 62, 67 Corbyn fault 157 Corns (part of Thick) coal 21, 35 Corngreaves colliery 30 Coseley, Poor Robins ironstone at 69 Coselwy and Wednesbury fault 165 Coxe's Rough, quarry in basalt of 120 Cradley basin, detailed description of 166 Caradley basin general description of 143 Crop of beds south of Bentley fruit 67 Crop of coal into New Red sandstone at Brereton 173 Crop of of Wyrley Cannel coal towards Essington 122 D. Daffodilly, sandstone under Barr limestone near 110 Darlaston fault 165 Dartmouth, Lord, Heath pits of 12, 136 Darwin, Mr., on faults 193 Davis, Messrs., pits at Bullock's farm 11 Davis, and Bloomer, Messrs., pits at Pelsall 73 Davis Mr. J. E., fossils found at Barr by 112 Daw End, termination of limestones near 160 Daw end fault Dawes, Mr., on Stigmaria beds 217 Deep coal 26 Deep Coal lower part of Bottom coal 72 Deepfields colliery 36 Deepfields colliery getting rock and Poor Robin at 63 Deepfields limestone at 94 Deepmore coppice, Great Bentley fault near 87 De la Bcche, Sir H. 4, 117, 216 Note on Stigmaria beds 216 Denudation of coal-field by removal of superincumbent Lias and New Red sandstone 100 Depth of coal beneath the Red Coal-measure clays 102 Depth of coal„ beneath the New Red sandstone and Permian rocks 200 Description of rocks 2 Diagram representing the separation of the beds of the Thick coal 26 Diamonds ironstone 22, 77 Difference between those boundaries of the coal-field which are formed by faults and those by superposition of beds 175 Dip of measures about Pelsall and Wyrley 87, 171 Dipteronotua cyphis, fossil fish 6 Dispute as to true meaning of the word fault 191 Division of coal-field, principal line of 142 Dock meadow colliery, Bilston, Bottom coal at 70 "Door-case" rock, vein of white trap 123 Drift gravel distinguished from New Red conglomerate 6 Drift gravel or superficial accumulations 207 Drift clay, Liassic and Oolite fossils in 6,207 Page Dudley, Brothers, their colliery near Bentley 64, 79 Rev. E., former sinking by 42 and Sedgley anticlinal 142, 145 rock 106 Castle hill, height of 2 structure of 145 limestone at Walsall section 108 at Dudley and Sedgley 107 in various pits beneath coal-field 107, 161 Port, trough faults 163, 194 limestone at 83 Woodside, New Mine stone at 57 Durocher, M., Essay on Comparative Petrology 119 Dykes, horizontal, near Barrow Hill 124 under centre of coal-field 127 E. Eastern boundary fault 177 Egerton, Sir P. de M. G., on fossil fish 5 Eglinton, Mr. George, of Shustoke Lodge 109 Enville, Permian conglomerate at "Eruptive" and "intrusive" rocks, difference between 120 Essington and Wyrley coals connected with those of rest of coal-field 87 same as the Thick coal of Bilston, &c 23 district, general section of 23 colliery, section of 94 beds of, same as those of Wyrley 89 dip of beds at 98 Wood, brick pits at 93 fault 172 measures near, said to be injured by "white rock" trap 129 Ettingsball Lane colliery 63 Lodge colliery 37, 58, 68, 70 Expansion of Thick coal into the Wyrley and Essington measures 25 bearing of on question of deposition of coal 203 Extension of beds, both of coal and other stratified rocks, is usually in proportion to fineness of grain 17, 204 F. Fault, apparent, caused by sudden thickening of sandstone 60 Balds Hill 165 Baremoor 155 Bentley 167 Fault between Brown Hills and Walsall Wood, magnitude of 101 boundary, eastern 177 western 181 more recent than Lias 198 Brockmoor 156 commencement of pair of Trough, in Victoria colliery 194 Corbyn's Hall 157 Corngreaves 155 Coseley and Wednesbury 165 Darlaston 165 Essington Wood 172 examples of, confusion in ideas of 190 explanation of Trough 196 Hawn 155 in New Bed sandstone near Staffor 187 incongruous meanings attached to 190 King's Hill 165 Lanesneld 165 Moat 165 near Brereton 174 Clayhanger 170 Hayes colliery 155 Old Mitre 172 practical value of proper definition of 190 proved by driving near Brereton 173 said to differ from a "slip" 190 south of Quarry Hill, Halesowen 155 Ryder's Hays colliery 170 splitting of the Bentley 169 Shut End 158 synonyms for 190 term applied to a " substance" and not to a "dislocation" 190 Tipton and Hill top 165 width of 157 Faults between Dudley Port Trough and Bound's Green 164 in New Bed sandstone about south end of coal-field 188 in Permian rocks about south end of coal-field 186 junction of two 193 near Gornall Wood 159 High Bridge, Pelsall 170 Norton reservoir 170 Rushall 160 the Moat, Pelsall 170 Wyrley 171 north of Bentley 168 of Rising Sun Trough 170 on 189 once formed, often re-acted on 199 relative date of 198 single lined 192 three, necessary for the bodily elevation or depression of any entire piece of ground 193 Trough, Brierley Hill 156 Page Faults, Trough, Dudley Port 163 explanation of 194 High Bridge 170 Rising Sun 170 Tansy Green 158 variation in throw of 192 Figgins, Mr., the late, of Brereton 104 Fine coal (part of Thick coal) 21 Fine floors coal (part of Thick coal) 21 Fire-clay balls ironstone 22, 63 coal 20, 22, 25, 65 or Cinder coal 24, 26 description of 16 Finnstone, Mr., deep pit at the Leys ironworks sunk by 63, 67, 82 Fish, fossil, in coal 20, 27 New Red sandstone 5 Five-foot coal of Bentley and the neighbourhood, part of the New Mine 26 Flavell, Mr., pit sunk at the Stone House near Harborne by 106, 167 Fletcher, Mr., of Dudley, cabinet of fossils 113 Floors (part of Thick coal) 21 Flying-reed coal 18 bearing of, on question of formation of coal 203 crops south of Lanesfield fault 87 possibly the same as the Old Robins coal of Wyrley 26 near Bilston 36 near Kingswinford 37 Foot coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Forbes, Prof Edw., on fossils in ironstone 58 Formation of coal, question considered 201 Fossil plants in New Red sandstone 188 Fossils, list of, from Llandovery sandstone at Shustoke Lodge 110 marine, between New Mine and Pennystone ironstones 58 of Coal-measures, note on, by J. W. Salter 27 of Upper Silurian rocks, note on, by J. W. Salter 112 Foster, Messrs., pits at Shut End 82 mode of working Thick coal 221 Four-foot coal of Essington 89, 96 Foxyards, near Dudley, Bottom coal at 83 Fire-clay coal at 66 New Mine stone at 56 coal 62 Poor Robin and Rough Hills, white ironstones at 69 thick coal at 35 Fractured beds gape and include wedges of rock 197 Frankley Beeches, Permian rocks at 9, 186 Friezeland colliery, Fire-clay coal at 65 G. "Gainies" top of a coal, that which is first gained in sinking 69 Gap in Thick coal 194 Gas escaping from ground near Wigmore station, east of West bromwich 178 General description of Coal-measures of position and lie of rocks 140 General effect of the Brockmoor, Corbyn's Hall, and Shut End faults 159 form of Palæozoic district 140 section of southern part of coal-field 20 of northern part of coal-field 23 Geological knowledge, practical value of 192 George, Mr. James, of Bentley, 53, 88, 165, 167 Getting rock ironstone 22, 67 Gibbons, Mr. B., 42, 63, 81, 158, 221 Giles, Mr., limestone pit of 107 Gilpin, Mr., the late 89 Mr. Bernard, 90, 91, 97, 101, 169, 171 Gob, meaning of 75 of Thick coal, spontaneous combustion of 151 or waste 221 Goldthorn Hill, shaft for waterworks at 184 Gornal clay works 53, 57, 71 Gornal Wood, faults near 159 green rock supposed to go up into faults at 132 Goscott, Bottom coal at 72 Green rock at 130 Gough's Arms, Great Barr, Permian conglomerate near 13 Gower pits, rock fault in 45 Grace Mary colliery 43, 121 Grains ironstone 21 Granite boulders over coal-field 207 Gravel drift at Smethwick 208 Graveyard trial pits 62, 66, 68 Gray, Mr. J., of Dudley, cabinet of 113 Great Bentley fault 143 Great Bridge colliery 30, 34 Great Gubbin 22 Green, Mr., of Causeway Green colliery 44, 50 Green rock at Stow Heath and Portobello 103 same as Greenstone 117 sheets of in lower Coal-measures between Rowley Hills and Wednesfield 127 Greenstone 3, 117 consolidated below surface 130 intrusive 131 supposed to obliterate measures 128 sheets and bosses on the west and south-west of Dudley 126 Page Greenstone veins and dykes of 126 Griffith, Mr. 68, 78 Grogart, Mr. 69 Growcott, Mr. 39 Grouping of measures 17 Grub ironstone at Hednesford 103 Gubbin and Balls ironstone 22, 75 Gubbin coal at Bentley 54 Gubbin or Little Gubbin ironstone, 21, 53 Gypsum in red marls 4 H. Haddock's Moor, Pelsall 76 Hade of boundary fault, near Sedgley 182 Hagley Park and Bromsgrove Lickey, lie of Permian rocks near 186 Halesowen sandstones 20, 28 Hammerwich colliery, Brown Hills 74 Harborne, Coal-measures at Stone House, near 106 Harper and Moore, Messrs., Causeway Green colliery 44, 50 Harrison, Mr. T. King, of Stourbridge 40, 154 Mr., of Brown Hills 170 Hatton, Mr. John 154 Hawn colliery 28, 41 Haycock, W., of Brereton 103 Hayes, near Lye Waste, colliery of 40 limestone at 107 fault near Hay Green and Tintam Abbey, basin of 156 Hayley Green, near Halesowen, outlier of Permian at 155 Hay Head, near Great Barr, coal near 110 limestone 108 Heath pits, details of explorations at 137 Heath coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Heathen coal 20, 21, 24, 55 and Sulphur coal traced to Brown Hills 87 common to northern and southern part of coal-field 25 at Wyrley? 93 Heathy Hayes, Cannock Chase, out-crop of coal near 102 Hednesford colliery 103 lie of beds near 174 Height of hills 1 Henry, Mr., of London, analyses of trap rocks 117, 118 Herring coal 20, 32 High Bridge, Felsall 73, 170 Highfields, near Bilston 36, 56, 62 near Halesowen, height of 29 near Wyrley, deep sinking at 90, 92 Himley colliery, Flying reed at 39 Hob and Jack 19, 37, 87 Hobb's Hole, near Darlaston, limestone at 182 Holbeche Mill, borings at 32 Holer's coal (part of Thick coal) 21 (part of Bottom coal) 69, 70, 12 Holing, cutting under a coal 65, 220 Hollow, superficial, in Coal-meameasures filled by red drift sand to a depth of 30 feet 202 Hooker, Dr. J., on fossil plants 212 Hopkins, Mr. W., papers by, referred to 123 Horses' backs, rise of floor into coal 45 Hot springs, former existence of at Lickey Hill suggested 111 Howell, Mr. H. H. 3, 188 Hull, Mr. E. 3, 7, 30, 185 Humphreys coal (part of Thick coal), 21, 35 Hunnington, calcareous beds near 11 Hunt, Mr. R., on coal raised and iron made in South Staffordshire 228 Hurst Hill, fault near 107 detailed description of 148 I. Ibbetson, Captain, height of High-fields, near Halesowen, determined by 29 Idea of colliers, that both coal and faults grow in the ground 150 Igneous rocks 3, 117 Ignorance of nature of dislocations 149 "Intrusive" igneous rock not necessarily "eruptive" 120 Inversion of Blue flats at Parkfields 150 of Thick coal at the Hayes 154 Iron furnaces, number in blast in 1858 224 made in South Staffordshire in 1858 223 Ironstones, general description of 17 Back stone 21, 34 Blue flats 22, 77, 85 Blue stone 21, 57 Bottom of Wyrley 91, 92 Brooch binds 20, 32, 46 Brownstone 22, 55, 66 Cakes 22, 57 Diamonds 28, 79 Fire-clay Balls 22, 63 Getting rock 22, 67 Grains 21, 53 Great Gubbin 22, 75 Grub of Wyrley 103 Gubbin 21, 46, 53, 88 Gubbin and Balls 22, 75 Lambstone 22, 55, 56, 88 Little Gubbin 21, 53 New Mine 22, 56, 93 Pennystone 22, 57, 93 Pins and Pennyearth 20, 32, 46 Poor Robin 22, 67 Rough Hills, white 22, 67 Silver threads 22,79 Ten-foot 21, 34 White 22, 47, 56 Page Ironstones, Whitery 21, 53 Yard coal ironstone of Wyrley 91, 95 fossils of, note on, by J. W. Salter 27 Island, the, near Bentley 25 J. Jasper, riband, formed by burning of clay over Thick coal gob 151 Jays coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 John coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Johnson, Mr. H., on Lord Dartmouth's Heath pits 136 on Trough fault at gap in Thick coal in the Victoria colliery 194 Junction of Cradley and Peusnett basins 152 K. Keir, Mr., on Thick coal 35 on meaning of "fault" 190 Keuper, upper part of New Red sandstone 3, 4 Kid (Kick ?) (part coal of Thick coal) 21 King's Hill fault 165 Kings winford, boundary fault near 181 flying reed coal near 37 Kitwell, Permian beds near 186 L. Labyrinthodont remains in New Bed sandstone 5 Lambs coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Lambstone ironstone 22, 55 Lamination, oblique, remarkable example of 61 Lane's Field fault 165 Langley Mill, Silurian in old pit near 177 Lappal tunnel 167 Lateral pressure, production of, by subsidence of arched beds 197 Level colliery, the 63, 67, 71, 81 Lewisham pits 12 Leys ironworks, deep sinking at, 63, 67, 82 Lias, all sinking for coal through, in central England abound 200 description of, at Needwood forest 3 formerly spread all over centre of England 199 fossils in Drift clay near Wolverhampton 6, 207 of Needwood and Hanbury precisely similar 187 position and lie of 187, 188 Lickey Hill, anticlinal 152 Coal-measures of 106 lie of Permian rocks near 186 Llandovery sandstone of 110 Permian rocks near 9 section across 153 Lie of beds about Parkfield and Ettingshall Lane 150 North of Watling Street 171 in central pan of coal-field 162 at Brereton 173 between Oldbury and Causeway Green 166 across Cannock Chase 173 of the Halesowen sandstones 142 of the Permian rocks round south end of the coal-field 141 Little Gubbin ironstone 21 Little or Two-foot coal 20, 31 Litileworth, near Hednesford, Red Coal-measure clays at 102 Llandovery sandstone, slabs of, in Permian breccia 9 near Barr 109 at the Lickey Hill 110 Lloyd, Evan, on "Green rock" at Chillington colliery 128 Logan, Sir W., on Stigmaria in under clays 217 Long coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Longhouse, near Wyrley, section at 96, 98 Longmynd, supposed source of fragments in Permian breccia 14 Loss in getting Thick coal 221 Lower Bradley 62, 64 Lower Heathen coal 21, 55 Lower Red sandstone or Permian 3 Lower Red and Mottled sandstones, basal part of New Red sandstone 3, 7 Ludlow rocks 106, 133, 154 fossils of 116 Lye Waste, change in Thick coal near 40 Lyng colliery, Permian rocks at 12 M. Main lines of bearing to be noticed in the coal-field 140. of division, separating the coal-field into two parts 142, 145 Marine fossils in ironstone 55 Mathews, Mr. W., of the Leasowes, 28, 34, 42, 151, 152 May Hill or Llandovery rocks 112 Mealy Greys or Singing coal 22, 76 Mesozoic or secondary formations 2 Measures, grouping of 17 "Men of war," pillars for supporting coal 220 Mills, Mr. R, Essington colliery 89, 94 Mr., colliery, near Sleek Hillock 28, 41 Mills and forges in South Staffordshire district 225 Moat fault 165 Monmore colliery 60, 72 Moxley sand holes 208 Murchison, Sir R. L., 31, 81, 106, 111 157 Page N. Needwood Forest, lias of 3, 187 New Invention, fault near 168 green rock near 123 Heathen coal gotten at 88 New Mine coal 20, 22, 26, 60 coal rock 59 ironstone or White ironstone, 22, 56, 93 New Red sandstone, description of 3 position and lie of 111 east of Westbromwich 179 pierced at Longhouse 98 search for coal beneath 200 unconformable to Permian 130 Newtown, calcareous sandstone near, 11, 186 Netherton anticlinal 113, 154 basalt near 125 tunnel, no basalt in shafts of 120 No trap rock in district except in the Coal-measures 131 Noddyfield, Cannock Chase, section at 104 Norton, outcrop of coal (? Bentley Hay or Wyrley Bottom coal) near 102 Manor, Commissioners for dividing mines of 102 Northern part of coal-field 144, 167 Northfield, Bell Inn, Permians in lane near 2 O. Oak farm colliery 32, 37, 38 Oblique lamination, remarkable example of 61 section table 214 Old Buffery Trough 143 Line colliery 30 Man's coal, Bentley 24, 89, 168 Mitre fault 83, 172 Robins coal, Wyrley and Essington 23, 26, 91, 95 Oldbury, Boundary fault near 178 Permian rocks near 186 Omfray coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Oolitic or Liassic fossils in drift 207 Open work in Thick coal at Fox-yards 35 in Bottom coal near Goscott 72 Origin of coal 201 Outcrop of coal at Castle Hill, Beau-desert 173 on Cannock Chase 102 Bentley Hay and Heathen, north of Bentley 168 Wyrley Bottom coal 171 Wyrley Cannel coal 172 of Thick coal between Bloxwich and Norton impossible 90 round Dudley and Sedgley anticlinal 149 Outcrop of Thick coal near Stourbridge 156 round Netherton anticlinal 154 from Ettingshall Lane by Bilston, Darlaston, and Wednesbury 166 Outlier of coal on Walsall Silurian ground 161 on Sedgley Silurian ground 148 Outliers of Permian rocks near Halesowen 155 Outline of framework of district 141 Overlap of New Red sandstone across northern end of coal-field 142 P. Parkfield, Bottom coal at 70 Silurian at 84 Park Hall, Blue flats at 78 House colliery 42 Patchells coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Peacock, Mr. Aaron 45 Pearson, Mr., of Brierley Hill 157 Pebbles of trap in Coal-measures like those in Permian breccia 29 of coal in Permian rocks 136 Pebbley rock, description of 16 Peldon, description of 16 Pelsall Heath, Bottom coal at 72 fault near Pelsall and Brown Hills, section of 23 Pennystone ironstone 22, 57, 93 Pensnett basin 143, 155 Pentamerus Knightii 106 Percy, Dr. John, the Grace Mary colliery of 43, 121 Physical geography of district 1 Pickering, Mr. E. 3 Piggott, Mr., sinking at Hednesford 102 Pike or Pick, colliers 220 Pins and pennyearth ironstone 20, 32 Plants forming coal, nature of 201 fossil in New Red sandstone 188 Plot's Natural History of Staffordshire 32 Poole, Mr. Vernon, of Brereton 105 Poor Robin ironstone 22, 67 Permian breccia 9, 13 of Brand Hall approaching Boundary fault 177 coal 12 or Lower Red sandstone 8 rocks, absence of along northern part of eastern boundary fault 180 around south end of coal-field 184 Clent Hills and Lickey 9 Westbromwich 12 coal-field 183 south-east corner of coal-field 186 Page Permian rocks on west side of coal-field 183 thickness of 200 unconformable to Coal-measures 135 outliers of, near Halesowen 155 Position and lie of the rocks in the coal-field 140, 145 of the Permians round the coal-field 183 of the New Bed sandstone round the coal-field 187 Potts, Jesse, of Wyrley 97 Pouk Hill near Walsall, basalt at, 117, 125 Pouncill batt 21, 45, 53 Practical importance of boundary fault of coal-field 176 of understanding unconformability 135 knowledge of value to geologist 192, 198 value of proper definition of fault 190 of geological knowledge illustrated 135, 149, 192, 193 of theoretical reasoning on facts connected with date of faults and denudation of Lias and Red Marl 199 Priestfield colliery 59, 63, 68 Primary or Palæozoic formations 3 Principal line of division of coal-field 142 Products in New Mine or White ironstone near High Haden 58 Q. Quarry Hill, near Halesowen 136 outlier of Permian rock on 135 Quartz rock of the Lickey Hill 111 R. Ramsay, Professor, A. C, 3, 8, 13, 15, 30, 153, 183, 185 Ramrod Hall colliery 13 Rea river, source of 2 Red Coal-measure clays, 20, 30, 31, 98, 102, 180 Red coal (part of Thick coal) 21 Red marls 3, 187 of the Staffordshire district, all sinkings for coal in, absurd 200 Red rocks surrounding coal-field 183 Red sand, valley or hollow in Coal-measures filled by 207 Ribs or walls of coal left in mining 220 Richards, Mr., of Wassel Grove 28 "Rings" for keeping coal on "skips" 220 Ripple or current mark on sandstone 5 Rising Sun Trough 170 Roberts, Mr., of Walsall 99 Robins or Old Robins coal of Wyrley 23, 91 Rock and rig 50, 121, 124 binds, description of 17 description of 16 faults, description of 45, 46 supposed at Heath pits 138 bearing of, on question of formation of coal 201 Rocks, description of 2 Rock salt 4 Rolls, swells, or horses' backs, rise of floor into coal 45, 51, 191 bearing of, on question of formation of coal 201 Romsley Hill, Permian rocks of, 9, 11, 13 Roofs coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 (part of Bottom coal) 73 Rotch or Roach, description of 73 Rough Hills White ironstone 22, 67 Round Hill pits, flying reed at 39 Rowley Hills, height of 2 basalt of 117, 151 rag 117 Rubble coal 21, 55 Ruck of Stones, deep boring at 11 Runcorn Hill, near Cannock, red clays at 102 Rushall, limestone at 160 Russell's Hall fault 151 Russell, ground bailiff, Pelsall Heath 169 Rye Croft, Blue flats at 79 Silurian at 84 S. Saint Kenelm's Chapel, Permian rocks near 11, 186 Salt, rock 4 Salter, Mr. J. W., on fossils, 14, 27, 110, 112 Sand beds, the, colliery at 65 Sandstone altered into quartz rock at Lickey Hill 111 in Thick coal at Baremoor 44 at Causeway Green 51 singular relation of to Flying reed 40 Sandwell Park, cuttings near 11 Sawyer coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Secondary or Mesozoic rocks 2 Section, general 20 of northern district 23 of Thick coal 35, 37, 40, 41, 44, 47 of Gubbin measures 53 of New Mine ironstone 56 of beds at Cathedral pits 58 of New Mine coal 60 of Fire-clay coal 65 of measures between Fire-clay and Bottom coals 68 of Bottom coal 68 to 74 of Gubbin and Balls 75 of Blue flats, Silver threads and Diamonds 79 of base of Coal-measures 83 of measures at Bentley 88 of Wyrley 91 of Essington 94 Page Section of Coppy Hall 99 of Aldridge 99 of Cannock Chase 103 of Brereton 105 of Silurian limestone 107 of Silurian limestone at Walsall 108 of Heath pits 137 Sedgley and Dudley rocks, described 106 Beacon, height of 2 described 148 district described 148 Hall farm, trial pit at 149, 182 limestone, fossils of 116 Sedgwick, Rev. Professor, plants got by, in Durham, like those in Permian rocks of Westbromwich 12 Segban, Permians near 9 Shafts, width of 219 Shallow coal, upper part of Bottom coal 24, 26, 72 said to thin towards Fishley 171 Sharpe, the late Mr. Daniel 102 Shattery, clay baked by combustion of Thick coal "gob," note 151 Shaver's End, section at 70, 83 Shaw's History of Staffordshire 35 Shirley Wych, salt at 4 Shorter's Greys or Four-measures 33 Shustoke Lodge, Llandovery sandstone near 109 Shut End colliery, lower measures at, 63, 67 Flying reed at 27, 38 fault 158 Sides of work in mining Thick coal 220 Sigillaria, roots of, below coal 201 Silkmoor, brine spring at 4 Silurian and Coal -measure shale, slight difference between 83 Silurian bank, supposed to run under Permian rocks, near Westbromwich 183 floor to coal-field 162 fossils not known by ground bailiff to be evidence against existence of coal below 177 limestone at Sedgley 106, 148 at Dudley 107, 145 at Walsall 108, 159 at Hobbs Hole 108, 161 at Hay head, near Barr, 109 at Lickey 111 at Bentley 162 at Chillington colliery 162 at Deepfields 108, 162 at Turner's Hill 108, 162 at the Hayes 154 Silurian rocks 3, 106 elevated and denuded before deposition of Coal-measures 133 Silver threads ironstone 22, 77 Singing or Mealy Grey coal 22, 26 Six inch maps, necessity of, for good practical geological surveys 209 Skidmore, Mr., of Amblecote 40 "Skip," for carrying and winding coal 220 Slack or Sleek coal dust 220 Slipper coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Slips coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Small, Charles, section supplied by 46 Smallman, Mr., of King's Hill 108, 172 Smethwick, Permians near 186 Smith, Mr. R., of the Priory 35, 150 Mr. R. B., of Walsall 108 Smith's Miners' Guide 68, 69, 102 Smyth, Mr. Warington W. on mode of working coal and ironstone 219 Sneyd Pool, coal crop near 83 Southern boundary of coal-field, one of denudation 155 South-eastern part of coal-field described 166 value of 45 South-west division of coal-field 143, 154 Sparrow, Mr. Arthur 68, 79 Messrs. 129 Mr. W., faults laid down by 210 Spence, Mr. 43 Spin coal (part of Thick coal) 21 Spires coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Spon Lane, pits near 12 Springs coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Square coppice, Permian near 9 Stags' antlers, in red sand 208 Stalls, for working coal 220 Stigmaria beds, note on by Sir H. T. DelaBeche 216 Stone coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Stone House, Coal-measures near 106, 167 Stour river, source of 2 Stourbridge fire-clay 156 position and lie of New Red sandstone near 187 Stow Heath colliery 37, 63, 65, 68, 69 Sugar's Lodge, Cannock Chase, section near 104 Sulphur coal 22, 24, 58, 90, 94 Survey of South Staffordshire imperfect for want of larger maps 202 Swells, rolls, or horses' backs 45, 52, 121 T. Table batt 21, 54 Tables useful in geological surveys 211 Tame river, source of 2 Tansey Green Trough faults 158 Taylor, Mr. Job 157 Ten-foot ironstone 21, 34 Tendency in beds of coal to separate towards the north 23 Ten-yard coal 19 Terrace pits, Westbromwich 12 Thick coal, description of 18, 19, 21, 25, 34 to 44 can its beds be identified by lithological character with any of those of Wyrley? 34 Page Thick coal, rock faults or sandstones interstratified with 44 to 51 rolls, swells, or hones' hacks in 52 shown to expand into the Wyrley coals and Coal-measures, 25, 87, 90 expansion, hearing of on question of origin of coal 204 intruded into by trap rock 121 gap and trough in 194 outcrop of round Dudley and Sedgley anticlinal 149 outcrop of round Netherton anticlinal 154 outcrop of near Stourbridge 156 outcrop of round Bilston, Darlaston, and Wednesbury 166 outcrop of near Cotwall End 149 rock and rig in 124 nearly vertical, near Wren's Nest 149 loss in getting 221 Bottom coal so called, near Goscott 72 or Little Gobbin 21 rock 20, 33 Thickening of Coal-measures towards the north 85 Thickness of beds between Thick coal and Bottom coal 86 between Thick coal and Blue flats 85 below Thick coal 85 of Drift near Stone Cross, north-east of Westbromwich 165 of Permian rocks 12, 200 of New Red sandstone 3, 200 of Coal-measures 20, 24 Thompson, Mr. George 29, 46 Three-foot coal of Bentley 26 Tintam Abbey, Thick coal at 40 and Hay Green basin 156 Tipton and Hilltop fault 165 Green colliery 58, 62, 66, 69, 83 Moat colliery 62, 66, 84 Tividale, Thick coal at 35 Top slipper coal (part of thick coal) 21, 35 floor coal (part of thick coal) 21, 35 Gubbin ironstone 21 Tow coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Trap, analysis of 11, 118 of Barrow Hill 124 of Bentley 127 of Broadwaters 127 of Cooper's Bank 126 of Dudley 126 of Essington Wood 129 of Fiery Holes 126 of Landy Wood, in railway near 172 of Netherton ( Tew Tree Hill) 126 of New Invention 129, 172 of Pool Hayes 129 of Pouk Hill 125 of Rowley Hills 119 Trap of Wednesfield 127 of Wednesfield Heath 127, 129 of Yew Tree Hill, Netherton 126 in lower Coal-measures of central district 127 time and mode of formation of 130 confined to Coal-measures 131 cut through hy all faults. 132 Trappean ash associated with trap, 125, 130 breccia in Permian rocks 9, 184 Trent Valley, near Rngeley, height of 2 Trentham colliery 65, 71 Trough faults 144 Brierley Hill 144, 155 Dudley Port 144, 163 Great Bentley 144, 167 Highbridge 145, 170 Rising Sun 145, 170 Tansey Green 114, 158 Victoria colliery 194 explanation of 196 Pits, at Burnt Tree 30 Trundle Gate, railway cutting near, showing Silurian cliff with Coal measures abutting against it 80 Turner's Hill, Silurian limestone at 107 detailed description of 148 Turner, Mr. T., of Abbott's Bromley 3 Twamley, Mr. C-, faults laid down by 210 Twenty-yard rock 53 Two-foot coal 20, 31 Twylauds, section near 11 U. Unett, Mr. J. W., boring made by 11 Upper Gonial clay works 62 Upper Red and Mottled sandstone, part of New Red sandstone 3, 5 Upper Sulphur coal 20, 28, 31 V. Vegetable origin of coal 201 Veins coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 Veins of "White rock" trap 123 Ventilation of mines 221 W. Walling pits 37 Walsall Silurian district 107, 159 Wood, red clays of 98 Ward, Abraham, of Cannock 103 Mr., of Wolverhampton 69, 129 Wassel Grove, section at 29 Watling Street, Cannock Chase, outcrop of coals along 102 Waterfield, Mr. 151 Water shed of district 2 Page Water stones, part of New Red sandstones 3, 4 Wednesfield Heath, boundary fault at 122 Green, rock at 127, 129 Wenlock and Dudley rocks 106, 113 Westbromwich, Permian rocks of 11, 136, 177, 186 Western boundary fault 181 White and brown sandstones 3 coal (part of Thick coal) 21, 35 ironstone, or New Mine 22, 56 lime, of Dudley 121 rock trap 118, 122, 120 sandstone, with plants, in New Rod sandstone 188 Whiting 21 ironstone 21, 53 Width of fault, meaning of 157 Williams, Rev. Baily, sinking at Coppy Hall colliery 22 Wimblebury, on Cannock Chase, section at 104 Wolverhampton, boundary fault near 122 Permian rocks near 122 Woolhope, limestone same as that at Barr 109 Worcestershire, red marls in 188 Wordesley Bank colliery 30, 32 boundary fault near 181 New Red sandstone at 7 Wren's Nest Hill, height of 2 Wren's Nest Hill, description of 107, 146 Wrottesley Park, red marls at 187 Wychbury Hill, Permian breccia at fault near 186 Western boundary fault at 97 Wyrley Bank, section at 97 Wyrley and Essington coals, general section 23, 21 detailed section 91 shown to lie above Bentley Hay coal 89 shown to occupy the position of the Thick coal 90 impossible they can be below the Thick coal 91 relation of, to Red Coal-measure clays 98 connection of, with rest of coal-field 87 faults 171 Y. Yard coal of Essington 85 of Pelsall 24 of Wyrley 91 Yardley, Mr. John 165 Yates, Mr., colliery at Wyrley 98 Yew Tree Hill, Netherton, trap near 154
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