Original by Vishnu Sharma in 3rd century BCE.
Translated from Sanskrit into Pahlavi (Middle Persian) by w:Borzūya as Karīrak ud Damanak (570 CE)
This was translated into Syriac by a Nestorian Christian called Bud as Kalilag and Damnag.
Translated from Syriac into Arabic by w:Ibn al-Muqaffa' as Kalīla wa Dimna (750 CE) (tr directly from Pahlavi per alt view)
Translated from Arabic into Hebrew by Rabbi Joel in the 12th century.
Translated from Hebrew into Latin by w:John of Capua as Directorium Humanae Vitae (1480 CE)
Translated from Latin into Italian by w:it:Anton Francesco Doni (1552)
Translated from Italian into Elizabethan English by Thomas North (1570)
Republished after editing by Joseph Jacobs (1888) |
