Index:Native Religions of Mexico and Peru.djvu

Title	The Native Religions of Mexico and Peru
Author	Albert Réville
Year	1884
Publisher	Williams and Norgate
Location	London
Source	djvu
Progress	Done—All pages of the work proper are validated
Transclusion	Fully transcluded
Validated in	February 2017

Pages (key to Page Status)

- - - - - - - - v vi vii viii ix x xi - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Erratum 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 Adv Adv Adv Adv Adv Adv Adv Adv - - - -

CONTENTS.
———
Lecture I.
INTRODUCTION.—CENTRAL AMERICA AND MEXICO. THEIR COMMON BASES OF CIVILIZATION AND RELIGION.
	PAGE
Importance of the history of Religion	1
The religions of Mexico and Peru, and the special importance of studying them	7
Journey to another planet	8
Parallelism of religious history in the New World and in the Old	9
Central America and Mexico, and the authorities as to their history and religion	14
Area and general character of this civilization	18
The Mayas	20
Toltecs, Chichimecs and Aztecs	24
The Aztec empire	29
Character of the religious conceptions common to Central America and Mexico	35
The serpent-god and the American cross	38
Estimate of the character and significance of the parallelisms observed	39
Lecture II.
THE DEITIES AND MYTHS OF MEXICO.
The Sun and Moon	45
The pyramidal Mexican temples	47
The great temple of the city of Mexico	48
The narrative of Bernal Diaz; and the two great Aztec deities, Uitzilopochtli and Tezcatlipoca	51
Mythical significance of Uitzilopochtli	54
Significance of Tezcatlipoca	60
The serpent-god Quetzalcoatl, god of the east wind	62
Netzalhuatcoyotl, the philosopher-king of Tezcuco	69
Number of Mexican deities	70
Tlaloc, god of rain	71
Centeotl, goddess of maize	72
Xiuhtecutli, god of fire	74
The Mexican Venus	75
Other deities	76
The Tepitoton	77
Mictlan, god of the dead	78
Summary and reflections	79
Lecture III.
THE SACRIFICES, SACERDOTAL AND MONASTIC INSTITUTIONS, ESCHATOLOGY AND COSMOGONY OF MEXICO.
Recapitulation	85
Original meaning of sacrifice	86
Human sacrifices and cannibalism	87
Importance attached to the suffering of the victims	90
Tragic and cruel character of the Mexican sacrifices	91
The victims of Tezcatlipoca and Centeotl	93
The children of Tlaloc	96
The roasted victims of the god of fire	97
Mexican asceticism	99
Mexican "communion"	101
Religious ethics	102
The priesthood	106
Convents, monks and nuns of ancient Mexico	109
Mexican cosmogonies	112
The great jubilee	116
The future life	118
Conversion of the Mexicans	121
The Inquisition	122
Conclusion	123
Lecture IV.
PERU.—ITS CIVILIZATION AND CONSTITUTION.—THE LEGEND OF THE INCAS: THEIR POLICY AND HISTORY.
The Peru of the Incas	127
Cortes and Pizarro	131
The Inca hierocracy	132
The Quipos	134
Authorities for the history and religion of Peru	136
Garcilasso el Inca de la Vega	137
Peruvian civilization	139
Huayna Capac's taxation	142
Social, political and military organization of Peru	143
Education	152
Material well-being	153
The legend of the Incas: Manco Capac and Mama Ogllo	156
Were the Incas really the sole civilizers of Peru?	159
Succession of the Incas and character of their rule	160
Free-thinking Incas	161
Huayna Capac's departure from traditional maxims	166
Lecture V.
THE FALL OF THE INCAS.—PERUVIAN MYTHOLOGY. PRIESTHOOD.
Recapitulation	171
Atahualpa and Pizarro	172
Father Valverde's discourse	174
Atahualpa's imprisonment and death	176
Inca pretenders	179
Worship of the Sun and Moon	182
Viracocha, god of fertilizing showers	184
His consort, Mama Cocha	186
Old Peruvian hymn	187
Pachacamac, god of internal fire	188
The myth of Pacari Tambo	191
Cuycha, the rainbow	194
Chasca, the planet Venus	194
Worship of fire	195
Worship of the thunder	196
Worship of esculent plants	197
Worship of animals	198
The Huacas	199
Peruvian priesthood	202
The Virgins of the Sun	204
Punishment of faithless nuns	206
Independent parallelisms, illustrated by the "couvade"	208
Lecture VI.
PERUVIAN CULTUS AND FESTIVALS.—MORALS AND THE FUTURE LIFE.—CONCLUSIONS.
Peruvian temples	215
Sacrifices	218
Columns of the Sun	222
Hymns	223
Religious dances	224
The four great festivals	225
Chasing the evil spirit	227
Occasional and minor festivals	229
Eclipses	230
Sorcerers and priests	230
Moral significance of the Peruvian religion	232
Communion, baptism and sacerdotal confession	233
Various ideas as to the future life	235
Supay, the god of the departed	237
Conversion of the Peruvians	239
Are the origins of the American civilizations to be sought in the Old World?	241
Real significance and importance of analogies observed	243
Sacrifice	245
Three stages of religious faith: animistic nature-worship, anthropomorphic polytheism and spiritual monotheism	246
The genesis of the temple	249
Primitive independence and subsequent mutual interpenetration of religion and morals	250
Human nature invincibly religious	252
The guiding principle	254
Farewell	255